Results for 'Shimon Shokek'

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  1. "Sefer ha-yashar" be-misgeret sifrut ha-musar ha-ʻIvrit ba-meʼah ha-13.Shimon Shokek - 1986 - [Israel: Ḥ. Mo. L..
     
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  2.  18
    Unmasked & Anonymous: Shimon & Lindemann Consider Portraiture.John Shimon, Julie Lindemann & Lisa Hostetler - 2008 - Milwaukee Art Museum.
    Photographers John Shimon and Julie Lindemann use antique cameras, modern lens technology, artificial light, and contemporary pop culture to create portraits of the people in their native state amidst backyards, living rooms, parking lots, and the landscape of Wisconsin. These recent photographs are juxtaposed with portraits from the Milwaukee Art Museum’s permanent collections, including daguerreotype portraits, ambrotypes, and tintypes of anonymous people taken by nineteenth-century photographers, as well with photographs by such well-known artists as Alfred Stieglitz, Sally Mann, Larry (...)
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  3.  59
    Visual routines.Shimon Ullman - 1984 - Cognition 18 (1-3):97-159.
  4. Against direct perception.Shimon Ullman - 1980 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (3):333-81.
    Central to contemporary cognitive science is the notion that mental processes involve computations defined over internal representations. This view stands in sharp contrast to the to visual perception and cognition, whose most prominent proponent has been J.J. Gibson. In the direct theory, perception does not involve computations of any sort; it is the result of the direct pickup of available information. The publication of Gibson's recent book (Gibson 1979) offers an opportunity to examine his approach, and, more generally, to contrast (...)
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  5.  39
    Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition.Shimon Ullman - 1989 - Cognition 32 (3):193-254.
  6. Representation is representation of similarities.Shimon Edelman - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (4):449-467.
    Intelligent systems are faced with the problem of securing a principled (ideally, veridical) relationship between the world and its internal representation. I propose a unified approach to visual representation, addressing both the needs of superordinate and basic-level categorization and of identification of specific instances of familiar categories. According to the proposed theory, a shape is represented by its similarity to a number of reference shapes, measured in a high-dimensional space of elementary features. This amounts to embedding the stimulus in a (...)
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  7. Representation, similarity, and the chorus of prototypes.Shimon Edelman - 1995 - Minds and Machines 5 (1):45-68.
    It is proposed to conceive of representation as an emergent phenomenon that is supervenient on patterns of activity of coarsely tuned and highly redundant feature detectors. The computational underpinnings of the outlined concept of representation are (1) the properties of collections of overlapping graded receptive fields, as in the biological perceptual systems that exhibit hyperacuity-level performance, and (2) the sufficiency of a set of proximal distances between stimulus representations for the recovery of the corresponding distal contrasts between stimuli, as in (...)
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  8.  51
    A.I. systems and human cognition: the missing link.Shimon Ullman - 1978 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1 (1):117-119.
  9.  30
    Mental representations and mental experiences [G].Shimon Ullman - 1978 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1 (4):605-606.
  10.  44
    Nature loves to hide: quantum physics and reality, a western perspective.Shimon Malin - 2001 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    The strangeness of modern physics has sparked several popular books--such as The Tao of Physics--that explore its affinity with Eastern mysticism. But the founders of quantum mechanics were educated in the classical traditions of Western civilization and Western philosophy. In Nature Loves to Hide, physicist Shimon Malin takes readers on a fascinating tour of quantum theory--one that turns to Western philosophical thought to clarify this strange yet inescapable explanation of reality. Malin translates quantum mechanics into plain English, explaining its (...)
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  11.  40
    Three-dimensional object recognition based on the combination of views.Shimon Ullman - 1998 - Cognition 67 (1-2):21-44.
  12. Towards structural systematicity in distributed, statically bound visual representations.Shimon Edelman & Nathan Intrator - 2003 - Cognitive Science 27 (1):73-109.
    The problem of representing the spatial structure of images, which arises in visual object processing, is commonly described using terminology borrowed from propositional theories of cognition, notably, the concept of compositionality. The classical propositional stance mandates representations composed of symbols, which stand for atomic or composite entities and enter into arbitrarily nested relationships. We argue that the main desiderata of a representational system—productivity and systematicity—can (indeed, for a number of reasons, should) be achieved without recourse to the classical, proposition‐like compositionality. (...)
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  13. How seriously should we take Minimalist syntax?Shimon Edelman - 2003 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 (2):60-61.
    Lasnik’s review of the Minimalist program in syntax [1] offers cognitive scientists help in navigating some of the arcana of the current theoretical thinking in transformational generative grammar. One may observe, however, that this journey is more like a taxi ride gone bad than a free tour: it is the driver who decides on the itinerary, and questioning his choice may get you kicked out. Meanwhile, the meter in the cab of the generative theory of grammar is running, and has (...)
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  14. Computational theories of object recognition.Shimon Edelman - 1997 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 1 (8):296-304.
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  15.  24
    A model for discovering ‘containment’ relations.Shimon Ullman, Nimrod Dorfman & Daniel Harari - 2019 - Cognition 183 (C):67-81.
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  16.  66
    Automatic acquisition and efficient representation of syntactic structures.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    The distributional principle according to which morphemes that occur in identical contexts belong, in some sense, to the same category [1] has been advanced as a means for extracting syntactic structures from corpus data. We extend this principle by applying it recursively, and by using mutual information for estimating category coherence. The resulting model learns, in an unsupervised fashion, highly structured, distributed representations of syntactic knowledge from corpora. It also exhibits promising behavior in tasks usually thought to require representations anchored (...)
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  17.  77
    Bridging computational, formal and psycholinguistic approaches to language.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We compare our model of unsupervised learning of linguistic structures, ADIOS [1, 2, 3], to some recent work in computational linguistics and in grammar theory. Our approach resembles the Construction Grammar in its general philosophy (e.g., in its reliance on structural generalizations rather than on syntax projected by the lexicon, as in the current generative theories), and the Tree Adjoining Grammar in its computational characteristics (e.g., in its apparent affinity with Mildly Context Sensitive Languages). The representations learned by our algorithm (...)
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  18.  70
    Generalization to Novel Images in Upright and Inverted Faces.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    An image of a face depends not only on its shape, but also on the viewpoint, illumination conditions, and facial expression. A face recognition system must overcome the changes in face appearance induced by these factors. This paper investigate two related questions: the capacity of the human visual system to generalize the recognition of faces to novel images, and the level at which this generalization occurs. We approach this problems by comparing the identi cation and generalization capacity for upright and (...)
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  19.  99
    Being in Time: Dynamical Models of Phenomenal Experience.Shimon Edelman, Tomer Fekete & Neta Zach (eds.) - 2012 - Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
    The chapters comprising this book represent a collective attempt on the part of their authors to redress this aberration.
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  20.  39
    A productive, systematic framework for the representation of visual structure.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We describe a unified framework for the understanding of structure representation in primate vision. A model derived from this framework is shown to be effectively systematic in that it has the ability to interpret and associate together objects that are related through a rearrangement of common “middle-scale” parts, represented as image fragments. The model addresses the same concerns as previous work on compositional representation through the use of what+where receptive fields and attentional gain modulation. It does not require prior exposure (...)
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  21.  64
    Characterizing Motherese: On the Computational Structure of Child-Directed Language.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We report a quantitative analysis of the cross-utterance coordination observed in child-directed language, where successive utterances often overlap in a manner that makes their constituent structure more prominent, and describe the application of a recently published unsupervised algorithm for grammar induction to the largest available corpus of such language, producing a grammar capable of accepting and generating novel wellformed sentences. We also introduce a new corpus-based method for assessing the precision and recall of an automatically acquired generative grammar without recourse (...)
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  22.  51
    Unsupervised context sensitive language acquisition from a large corpus.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We describe a pattern acquisition algorithm that learns, in an unsupervised fashion, a streamlined representation of linguistic structures from a plain natural-language corpus. This paper addresses the issues of learning structured knowledge from a large-scale natural language data set, and of generalization to unseen text. The implemented algorithm represents sentences as paths on a graph whose vertices are words. Significant patterns, determined by recursive context-sensitive statistical inference, form new vertices. Linguistic constructions are represented by trees composed of significant patterns and (...)
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  23.  76
    Unsupervised Efficient Learning and Representation of Language Structure.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We describe a linguistic pattern acquisition algorithm that learns, in an unsupervised fashion, a streamlined representation of corpus data. This is achieved by compactly coding recursively structured constituent patterns, and by placing strings that have an identical backbone and similar context structure into the same equivalence class. The resulting representations constitute an efficient encoding of linguistic knowledge and support systematic generalization to unseen sentences.
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  24. Unsupervised learning of visual structure.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    To learn a visual code in an unsupervised manner, one may attempt to capture those features of the stimulus set that would contribute significantly to a statistically efficient representation. Paradoxically, all the candidate features in this approach need to be known before statistics over them can be computed. This paradox may be circumvented by confining the repertoire of candidate features to actual scene fragments, which resemble the “what+where” receptive fields found in the ventral visual stream in primates. We describe a (...)
     
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  25. Ética universal.Shimon Dovid Cowen & Carlos José Sánchez Corrales (eds.) - 2020 - Quito: Publicaciones Noah.
    La primera parte de este libro expone la idea o teoría de las Leyes Noájicas, desde perspectivas espirituales, filosóficas, psicológicas, sociales y políticas. Varios de sus contenidos ya han sido presentados a líderes, incluidos estadistas internacionales (cuyas cartas se incluyen aquí), que han respondido con ánimo a su estudio y difusión. La segunda parte del libro presenta la conducta o práctica concreta de las Leyes Noájicas. Esta tarea precisa procede de una extensa investigación acerca de la Tradición del comentario sobre (...)
     
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  26.  46
    Being in time.Shimon Edelman & Tomer Fekete - 2012 - In Shimon Edelman, Tomer Fekete & Neta Zach, Being in Time: Dynamical Models of Phenomenal Experience. Philadelphia: John Benjamins. pp. 88--81.
  27.  55
    A strong polarized relation.Shimon Garti & Saharon Shelah - 2012 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 77 (3):766-776.
    We prove that the strong polarized relation $\left( {\mu _\mu ^ + } \right) \to \left( {\mu _\mu ^ + } \right)_2^{1.1}$ is consistent with ZFC, for a singular ì which is a limit of measurable cardinals.
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  28.  52
    Neural spaces: A general framework for the understanding of cognition?Shimon Edelman - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (4):664-665.
    A view is put forward, according to which various aspects of the structure of the world as internalized by the brain take the form of “neural spaces,” a concrete counterpart for Shepard's “abstract” ones. Neural spaces may help us understand better both the representational substrate of cognition and the processes that operate on it. [Shepard].
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  29. A Whiteheadian approach to Bell's correlations.Shimon Malin - 1988 - Foundations of Physics 18 (10):1035-1044.
    Certain properties of the Bell-type correlations and, in particular, the impossibility of using them to transmit signals faster than light, are investigated from the point of view of the conceptual structure of quantum mechanics and of Whitehead's process philosophy. The collapses of quantum states are shown to correspond to perspectives of different frames of reference on a Whiteheadian process of self-creation of actual entities. The analysis suggests a fundamental limitation on the capacity to describe the propagation of influences among the (...)
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  30.  30
    Response to: ‘Why medical professionals have no moral claim to conscientious objection accommodation in liberal democracies’ by Schuklenk and Smalling.Shimon M. Glick & Alan Jotkowitz - 2017 - Journal of Medical Ethics 43 (4):248-249.
    The recent essay by Schuklenk and Smalling opposing respect for physicians’ conscientious objections to providing patients with medical services that are legally permitted in liberal democracies is based on several erroneous assumptions. Acting in this manner would have serious harmful effects on the ethos of medicine and of bioethics. A much more nuanced and balanced position is critical in order to respect physicians’ conscience with minimal damage to patients’ rights.
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  31.  27
    Compromise and dialogue in bioethical disputes.Shimon Glick & Alan Jotkowitz - 2007 - American Journal of Bioethics 7 (10):36 – 38.
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  32.  24
    Whitehead's Philosophy and the Collapse of Quantum States.Shimon Malin - 2003 - In Timothy E. Eastman & Henry Keeton, Physics and Whitehead: Quantum, Process, and Experience. Albany, USA: State University of New York Press. pp. 74.
  33.  42
    Better limited systematicity in hand than structural descriptions in the bush: A reply to Hummel.Shimon Edelman & Nathan Intrator - 2003 - Cognitive Science 27 (2):331-332.
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  34.  29
    Withdrawing or Withholding Life‐Sustaining Therapy.Shimon Glick - 2015 - Bioethics 29 (9):680-680.
  35.  21
    Real systemic solutions to humanity's problems require a radical reshaping of the global political system.Shimon Edelman - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e155.
    Society's problems cannot be alleviated via mere policy interventions, whether individual- or system-level, when the system is the problem. To bring about true and lasting change to the better, we must replace the present global political-economic system – oligarchic capitalism backed by the power of the state – with one that would let the people take charge of their lives.
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  36.  15
    Gandhi and the Jews, the Jews and Gandhi: An Overall Perspective.Shimon Lev - 2023 - International Journal of Hindu Studies 27 (3):393-409.
    Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869–1948)’s relationship with the Jews is explored in this article. The history of this relationship can be divided into two different periods. The first begins during his formative years in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and the second, during his political activism in India thereafter. The article points out that Gandhi’s close Jewish associates in South Africa, although coming primarily from a Theosophist background, considered their support of Gandhi and his struggle to represent their core Jewish (...)
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  37. My Jewish Federation: Legacy and Change.Dov Ben-Shimon - 2019 - In Mary L. Zamore & Elka Abrahamson, The sacred exchange: creating a Jewish money ethic. New York, NY: CCAR Press.
     
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  38.  29
    Theorizing immune inhibition and TNF inhibitors from the autoimmune.Ohad Ben Shimon - 2022 - Recerca.Revista de Pensament I Anàlisi 27 (1).
    This article analyses the biochemical object of tnf inhibitors from the perspective of living with an autoimmune disease. The author tries to tease out how the concept of immune inhibition is used in tandem with the biochemical object of tnf inhibitors to dominate in defining and narrating what health and disease, normal and pathological, cure and healing can mean in the context of autoimmune bodies. Specifically, and within the ‘pathological’ framework of autoimmune diseases, the pharmacological treatment of tnf inhibition is (...)
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  39.  14
    The Bias of Burden.Shimon Click - 1996 - Hastings Center Report 26 (4):2-2.
    The editors welcome letters from readers, although we cannot guarantee that all will be published. To ensure timeliness, correspondents must respond to an article within seven weeks, and not exceed two double‐spaced pages. Letters become the property of the editors and may be edited and shortened at our discretion.
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  40. Ḳovets Shaʻare Torah: Masekhet Giṭin: bet otsar le-ḥidushe Torah she-nitḥadshu ʻa.y. ha-Ramim u-vene ha-Yeshivah.Shimon Cohen (ed.) - 2003 - Yerushalayim: Be-hotsaʼat "Mekhon ha-Gaʼon Rabi Eliyahu mi-Ṿilna,".
     
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  41.  54
    an evolved model agent by R. Beer.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    Beer ’s paper devotes much energy to buttressing the walls of Castle Dynamic and dredging its moat in the face of what some of its dwellers perceive as a besieging army chanting “no cognition without representation”. The divide is real, as attested by the contrast between titles such as “Intelligence without representation” and “In defense of representation”, to pick just one example from each side. It is, however, not too late for people from both sides of the moat to meet (...)
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  42.  63
    A New Vision of Language.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    A metaphor that has dominated linguistics for the entire duration of its existence as a discipline views sentences as edifices consisting of Lego-like building blocks. It is assumed that each sentence is constructed (and, on the receiving end, parsed) ab novo, starting (ending) with atomic constituents, to logical semantic specifications, in a recursive process governed by a few precise algebraic rules. The assumptions underlying the Lego metaphor, as it is expressed in generative grammar theories, are: (1) perfect regularity of what (...)
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  43.  32
    Brahe, looking for Kepler.Shimon Edelman - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (4):538-540.
    Arbib, Érdi, and Szentágothai's book should be a required reading for any serious student of the brain. The scope and the accessibility of its presentation of the neurobiological data (especially the functional anatomy of select parts of the central nervous system) more than make up for the peculiarities of the theoretical stance it adopts.
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  44. Complex Cells and Object Recognition.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    Nearest-neighbor correlation-based similarity computation in the space of outputs of complex-type receptive elds can support robust recognition of 3D objects. Our experiments with four collections of objects resulted in mean recognition rates between 84% and 94%, over a 40 40 range of viewpoints, centered on a stored canonical view and related to it by rotations in depth. This result has interesting implications for the design of a front end to an arti cial object recognition system, and for the understanding of (...)
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  45.  91
    Evolution of Dynamic Coordination.Shimon Edelman & Erich D. Jarvis - unknown
    What insights does comparative biology provide for furthering scienti¿ c understanding of the evolution of dynamic coordination? Our discussions covered three major themes: (a) the fundamental unity in functional aspects of neurons, neural circuits, and neural computations across the animal kingdom; (b) brain organization –behavior relationships across animal taxa; and (c) the need for broadly comparative studies of the relationship of neural structures, neural functions, and behavioral coordination. Below we present an overview of neural machinery and computations that are shared (...)
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  46.  74
    Evolution of language diversity: the survival of the fitness.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    We examined the role of fitness, commonly assumed without proof to be conferred by the mastery of language, in shaping the dynamics of language evolution. To that end, we introduced island migration (a concept borrowed from population genetics) into the shared lexicon model of communication (Nowak et al., 1999). The effect of fitness linear in language coherence was compared to a control condition of neutral drift. We found that in the neutral condition (no coherence-dependent fitness) even a small migration rate (...)
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  47.  87
    Generative grammar with a human face?Shimon Edelman - 2003 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 26 (6):675-676.
    The theoretical debate in linguistics during the past half-century bears an uncanny parallel to the politics of the (now defunct) Communist Bloc. The parallels are not so much in the revolutionary nature of Chomsky's ideas as in the Bolshevik manner of his takeover of linguistics (Koerner 1994) and in the Trotskyist (“permanent revolution”) flavor of the subsequent development of the doctrine of Transformational Generative Grammar (TGG) (Townsend & Bever 2001, pp. 37–40). By those standards, Jackendoff is quite a party faithful (...)
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  48.  66
    Bridging language with the rest of cognition: computational, algorithmic and neurobiological issues and methods.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    The computational program for theoretical neuroscience initiated by Marr and Poggio (1977) calls for a study of biological information processing on several distinct levels of abstraction. At each of these levels — computational (defining the problems and considering possible solutions), algorithmic (specifying the sequence of operations leading to a solution) and implementational — significant progress has been made in the understanding of cognition. In the past three decades, computational principles have been discovered that are common to a wide range of (...)
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  49. How representation works is more important than what representations are.Shimon Edelman - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (4):630-631.
    A theory of representation is incomplete if it states “representations areX” whereXcan be symbols, cell assemblies, functional states, or the flock of birds fromTheaetetus, without explaining the nature of the link between the universe ofXs and the world. Amit's thesis, equating representations with reverberations in Hebbian cell assemblies, will only be considered a solution to the problem of representation when it is complemented by a theory of how a reverberation in the brain can be a representation of anything.
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  50. In Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology.Shimon Edelman - unknown
    By what empirical means can a person determine whether he or she is presently awake or dreaming? Any conceivable test addressing this question, which is a special case of the classical metaphysical doubting of reality, must be statistical (for the same reason that empirical science is, as noted by Hume). Subjecting the experienced reality to any kind of statistical test (for instance, a test for bizarreness) requires, however, that a set of baseline measurements be available. In a dream, or in (...)
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