Results for 'Xiaobing Chen'

978 found
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  1.  15
    Jun ren de xing lun =.Xiaobing Chen - 2008 - Changsha Shi: Hunan ren min chu ban she.
    本书内容包括:军人德性研究的历史背景、军人德性的本质和特征、军人德性的内容、军人德性的效应、军人德性冲突调节原则及选择等。.
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  2.  14
    Literary Societies of Republican China.Xiaomei Chen, Susan Daruvala, Yi-tsi Mei Feuerwerker, Charles A. Laughlin, Mark Miller, Xiaobing Tang, Lawrence Wang-chi Wong, Shengqing Wu & Xueqing Xu (eds.) - 2008 - Lexington Books.
    Denton and Hockx present thirteen essays treating a variety of literary organizations from China's Republican era . Interdisciplinary in approach, the essays are primarily concerned with describing and analyzing the social and cultural complexity of literary groupings and the role of these social formations in literary production of the period.
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  3.  24
    Diagnostic accuracy of multi-component spatial-temporal gait parameters in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Shuyun Huang, Xiaobing Hou, Yajing Liu, Pan Shang, Jiali Luo, Zeping Lv, Weiping Zhang, Biqing Lin, Qiulan Huang, Shuai Tao, Yukai Wang, Chengguo Zhang, Lushi Chen, Suyue Pan & Haiqun Xie - 2022 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 16:911607.
    ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a diagnostic model of multi-kinematic parameters for patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).MethodIn this cross-sectional study, 94 older adults were included (33 cognitively normal, CN; and 61 aMCI). We conducted neuropsychological battery tests, such as global cognition and cognitive domains, and collected gait parameters by an inertial-sensor gait analysis system. Multivariable regression models were used to identify the potential diagnostic variables for aMCI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to assess the diagnostic accuracy (...)
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  4.  60
    Strain glass in ferroelastic systems: Premartensitic tweed versus strain glass.Xiaobing Ren, Yu Wang, Yumei Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Dong Wang, Genlian Fan, Kazuhiro Otsuka, Tetsuro Suzuki, Yuanchao Ji, Jian Zhang, Ya Tian, Sen Hou & Xiangdong Ding - 2010 - Philosophical Magazine 90 (1-4):141-157.
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  5.  5
    Zi ben zhu yi di wen hua mao dun yu wei: dang dai ren beng zhu yi si chao yan jiu.Xiaobing Li - 1991 - [Peking]: Xin hua shu dian jing xiao.
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  6.  4
    Zheng zhi, zhe xue bi ji.Xiaobing Li - 2009 - Beijing: Zhong yang bian yi chu ban she.
    本书内容包括:论马克思主义跨世纪发展的几大课题;西方马克思主义发展的逻辑和历史:文化的批判;马尔库塞的哲学—美学思想:文化的审美之维;文化建设必须面向世界、面向未来等。.
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  7. The Anxiety of Everyday in Post-Revolutionary China.Xiaobing Tang & Ben Highmore - 2002 - In Ben Highmore, The everyday life reader. New York: Routledge. pp. 125--38.
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  8.  17
    Adaptive Attention with Consumer Sentinel for Movie Box Office Prediction.Kaicheng Feng & Xiaobing Liu - 2020 - Complexity 2020:1-9.
    To improve the movie box office prediction accuracy, this paper proposes an adaptive attention with consumer sentinel for movie box office prediction. First, the influencing factors of the movie box office are analyzed. Tackling the problem of ignoring consumer groups in existing prediction models, we add consumer features and then quantitatively analyze and normalize the box office influence factors. Second, we establish an LSTM box office prediction model and inject the attention mechanism to construct an adaptive attention with consumer sentinel (...)
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  9.  23
    Mining the Hidden Link Structure from Distribution Flows for a Spatial Social Network.Yanqiao Zheng, Xiaobing Zhao, Xiaoqi Zhang, Xinyue Ye & Qiwen Dai - 2019 - Complexity 2019:1-17.
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  10.  11
    Seng, Eva-Maria: Museum – Exhibition – Cultural Heritage. Museum – Ausstellung – Kulturelles Erbe. Changing Perspectives from China to Europe. Blickwechsel zwischen China und Europa. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2019. 150 pp. ISBN: 978-​3-​11-​060134-​3. (Reflexe der immateriellen und materiellen Kultur, 4) Price: € 49,95. [REVIEW]Xiaobing Wang - 2021 - Anthropos 116 (1):278-279.
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  11.  83
    The Joint Effects of Social Norm Appeals and Fear Appeals in COVID-19 Vaccine Campaign Posters on Self-Perceived Communication Quality and Vaccination Intention.Jiawei Liu, Xiaobing Yang, Yanqin Lu & Xia Zheng - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    To understand how different types of cues in vaccine education messages affect attitude toward campaign messages and vaccination intention, this study examined the impact of the presence of social norm appeals and the presence of fear appeals in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine campaign posters on perceived communication quality and vaccination intention. A 2 × 2 × 3 within-subject factorial design experiment was conducted in China. Findings demonstrated that the presence of fear appeals in COVID-19 vaccine campaign posters elicited lower levels (...)
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  12.  15
    Could L2 Lexical Attrition Be Predicted in the Dimension of Valence, Arousal, and Dominance?Chuanbin Ni & Xiaobing Jin - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    The current study attended to predict L2 lexical attrition by means of a Decision Tree model in three emotional dimensions, that is, the valence dimension, the arousal dimension, and the dominance dimension. A sample of 188 participants whose L1 was Chinese and L2 was English performed a recognition test of 500 words for measuring the L2 lexical attrition. The findings explored by the Decision Tree model indicated that L2 lexical attrition could be predicted in all the three emotional dimensions in (...)
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  13. Surreal Decisions.Eddy Keming Chen & Daniel Rubio - 2020 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 100 (1):54-74.
    Although expected utility theory has proven a fruitful and elegant theory in the finite realm, attempts to generalize it to infinite values have resulted in many paradoxes. In this paper, we argue that the use of John Conway's surreal numbers shall provide a firm mathematical foundation for transfinite decision theory. To that end, we prove a surreal representation theorem and show that our surreal decision theory respects dominance reasoning even in the case of infinite values. We then bring our theory (...)
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  14. Density Matrix Realism.Eddy Keming Chen - 2024 - In Michael E. Cuffaro & Stephan Hartmann, Open Systems: Physics, Metaphysics, and Methodology (2025: Oxford University Press). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Realism about quantum theory naturally leads to realism about the quantum state of the universe. It leaves open whether it is a pure state represented by a wave function, or an impure (mixed) one represented by a density matrix. I characterize and elaborate on Density Matrix Realism, the thesis that the universal quantum state is objective but can be impure. To clarify the thesis, I compare it with Wave Function Realism, explain the conditions under which they are empirically equivalent, consider (...)
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  15. The Simplicity of Physical Laws.Eddy Keming Chen - 2025 - Noûs:1–31.
    Physical laws are strikingly simple, yet there is no a priori reason for them to be so. I propose that nomic realists—Humeans and non-Humeans—should recognize simplicity as a fundamental epistemic guide for discovering and evaluating candidate physical laws. This proposal helps resolve several longstanding problems of nomic realism and simplicity. A key consequence is that the presumed epistemic advantage of Humeanism over non-Humeanism dissolves, undermining a prominent epistemological argument for Humeanism. Moreover, simplicity is shown to be more connected to lawhood (...)
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  16.  29
    The Gestures in 2–4-Year-Old Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.QianYing Ye, LinRu Liu, ShaoLi Lv, SanMei Cheng, HuiLin Zhu, YanTing Xu, XiaoBing Zou & HongZhu Deng - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    Deficits in gestures act as early signs of impairment in social interaction and communication in children with autism spectrum disorder. However, the pieces of literature on atypical gesture patterns in ASD children are contradictory. This investigation aimed to explore the atypical gesture pattern of ASD children from the dimensions of quantity, communicative function, and integration ability; and its relationship with social ability and adaptive behavior. We used a semi-structured interactive play to evaluate gestures of 33 ASD children and 24 typically (...)
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  17. Time's arrow and self‐locating probability.Eddy Keming Chen - 2021 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 105 (3):533-563.
    One of the most difficult problems in the foundations of physics is what gives rise to the arrow of time. Since the fundamental dynamical laws of physics are (essentially) symmetric in time, the explanation for time's arrow must come from elsewhere. A promising explanation introduces a special cosmological initial condition, now called the Past Hypothesis: the universe started in a low-entropy state. Unfortunately, in a universe where there are many copies of us (in the distant ''past'' or the distant ''future''), (...)
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  18.  51
    Competition and cooperation among similar representations: Toward a unified account of facilitative and inhibitory effects of lexical neighbors.Qi Chen & Daniel Mirman - 2012 - Psychological Review 119 (2):417-430.
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  19. Do Chinese and English speakers think about time differently? Failure of replicating Boroditsky (2001).Jenn-Yeu Chen - 2007 - Cognition 104 (2):427-436.
    English uses the horizontal spatial metaphors to express time (e.g., the good days ahead of us). Chinese also uses the vertical metaphors (e.g., 'the month above' to mean last month). Do Chinese speakers, then, think about time in a different way than English speakers? Boroditsky [Boroditsky, L. (2001). Does language shape thought? Mandarin and English speakers' conceptions of time. Cognitive Psychology, 43(1), 1-22] claimed that they do, and went on to conclude that 'language is a powerful tool in shaping habitual (...)
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  20.  45
    Does the External Monitoring Effect of Financial Analysts Deter Corporate Fraud in China?Jiandong Chen, Douglas Cumming, Wenxuan Hou & Edward Lee - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 134 (4):727-742.
    We examine whether analyst coverage influences corporate fraud in China. The fraud triangle specifies three main factors, i.e. opportunity, incentive, and rationalization. On the one hand, analysts may reduce the fraud opportunity factor through external monitoring aimed at discouraging managerial misconduct, which can moderate agency problems. On the other hand, analysts may increase the fraud incentive factor by pressurizing managers to achieve short-term performance targets, which can exacerbate agency problem. In either case, the potential influence of analysts on the fraud (...)
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  21.  81
    Linking Market Orientation and Environmental Performance: The Influence of Environmental Strategy, Employee’s Environmental Involvement, and Environmental Product Quality.Yang Chen, Guiyao Tang, Jiafei Jin, Ji Li & Pascal Paillé - 2015 - Journal of Business Ethics 127 (2):479-500.
    As it has become more and more urgent to solve the problems of environmental protection, we consider it necessary to conduct multilevel studies to examine the impact of business strategy on both employees’ and firms’ performances in environmental protection. Synthesizing the perspectives of strategic orientation, corporate strategy, and firm performance, we propose a comprehensive theoretical model linking market orientation and environmental performance. Based on a survey of 134 matched chief executive officers, senior marketing managers and frontline workers from Chinese firms, (...)
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  22. Thomas Kuhn‘s Latest Notion of Incommensurability.Xiang Chen - 1997 - Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie 28 (2):257-273.
    To correct the misconception that incommensurability implies incomparability, Kuhn lately develops a new interpretation of incommensurability. This includes a linguistic theory of scientific revolutions (the theory of kinds), a cognitive exploration of the language learning process (the analogy of bilingualism), and an epistemological discussion on the rationality of scientific development (the evolutionary epistemology). My focus in this paper is to review Kuhn's effort in eliminating relativism, highlighting both the insights and the difficulties of his new version of incommensurability . Finally (...)
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  23. Continuity through revolutions: A frame-based account of conceptual change during scientific revolutions.Xiang Chen & Peter Barker - 2000 - Philosophy of Science 67 (3):223.
    In this paper we examine the pattern of conceptual change during scientific revolutions by using methods from cognitive psychology. We show that the changes characteristic of scientific revolutions, especially taxonomic changes, can occur in a continuous manner. Using the frame model of concept representation to capture structural relations within concepts and the direct links between concept and taxonomy, we develop an account of conceptual change in science that more adequately reflects the current understanding that episodes like the Copernican revolution are (...)
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  24.  32
    Do Banks Value Borrowers' Environmental Record? Evidence from Financial Contracts.I. -Ju Chen, Iftekhar Hasan, Chih-Yung Lin & Tra Ngoc Vy Nguyen - 2020 - Journal of Business Ethics 174 (3):687-713.
    Banks play a unique role in society. They not only maximize profits but also consider the interests of stakeholders. We investigate whether banks consider firms’ pollution records in their lending decisions. The evidence shows that banks offer significantly higher loan spreads, higher total borrowing costs, shorter loan maturities, and greater collateral to firms with higher levels of chemical pollution. The costly effects are stronger for borrowers with greater risk and weaker corporate governance. Further, the results show that banks with higher (...)
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  25.  46
    Counterfeit Luxuries: Does Moral Reasoning Strategy Influence Consumers’ Pursuit of Counterfeits?Jie Chen, Lefa Teng & Yonghai Liao - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics 151 (1):249-264.
    Morality, in the context of luxury counterfeit goods, has been widely discussed in existing literature as having a strong association with decreased purchase intention. However, drawing on moral disengagement theory, we argue that individuals are motivated to justify their immoral behaviors through guilt avoidance, thus increasing counterfeit purchase intention. This research demonstrates that consumers’ desire to purchase counterfeit luxuries hinges on two types of moral reasoning strategies: moral rationalization and moral decoupling. The empirical results show that each strategy increases purchase (...)
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  26. Typical Quantum States of the Universe are Observationally Indistinguishable.Eddy Keming Chen & Roderich Tumulka - 2024
    This paper is about the epistemology of quantum theory. We establish a new result about a limitation to knowledge of its central object---the quantum state of the universe. We show that, if the universal quantum state can be assumed to be a typical unit vector from a high-dimensional subspace of Hilbert space (such as the subspace defined by a low-entropy macro-state as prescribed by the Past Hypothesis), then no observation can determine (or even just narrow down significantly) which vector it (...)
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  27. The Family and Harmonious Medical Decision Making: Cherishing an Appropriate Confucian Moral Balance.X. Chen & R. Fan - 2010 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 35 (5):573-586.
    This essay illustrates what the Chinese family-based and harmony-oriented model of medical decision making is like as well as how it differs from the modern Western individual-based and autonomy-oriented model in health care practice. The essay discloses the roots of the Chinese model in the Confucian account of the family and the Confucian view of harmony. By responding to a series of questions posed to the Chinese model by modern Western scholars in terms of the basic individualist concerns and values (...)
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  28.  75
    Evaluating ethics consultation: randomised controlled trial is not the right tool.Y.-Y. Chen & Y.-C. Chen - 2008 - Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (8):594-597.
    Background: Although ethics consultation has been introduced to clinical practice for many years, the results of empirical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of ethics consultation are still controversial. The design of randomised controlled trials is considered the best research design to evaluate the effect of a clinical practice on the outcomes of interests. In order to understand the effects of ethics consultation, we conducted this search for studies with the design of randomised controlled trials to evaluate ethics consultation.Objective: To provide (...)
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  29.  20
    Pitch Perception in the First Year of Life, a Comparison of Lexical Tones and Musical Pitch.Ao Chen, Catherine J. Stevens & René Kager - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  30. Infinitesimal Gunk.Lu Chen - 2020 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 49 (5):981-1004.
    In this paper, I advance an original view of the structure of space called Infinitesimal Gunk. This view says that every region of space can be further divided and some regions have infinitesimal size, where infinitesimals are understood in the framework of Robinson’s nonstandard analysis. This view, I argue, provides a novel reply to the inconsistency arguments proposed by Arntzenius and Russell, which have troubled a more familiar gunky approach. Moreover, it has important advantages over the alternative views these authors (...)
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  31.  44
    Psychological Capital in Food Safety Social Co-governance.Xiujuan Chen & Linhai Wu - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  32.  36
    Pseudorandom Number Generator Based on Three Kinds of Four-Wing Memristive Hyperchaotic System and Its Application in Image Encryption.Xi Chen, Shuai Qian, Fei Yu, Zinan Zhang, Hui Shen, Yuanyuan Huang, Shuo Cai, Zelin Deng, Yi Li & Sichun Du - 2020 - Complexity 2020:1-17.
    In this paper, we propose a method to design the pseudorandom number generator using three kinds of four-wing memristive hyperchaotic systems with different dimensions as multientropy sources. The principle of this method is to obtain pseudorandom numbers with good randomness by coupling XOR operation on the three kinds of FWMHSs with different dimensions. In order to prove its potential application in secure communication, the security of PRNG based on this scheme is analyzed from the perspective of cryptography. In addition, PRNG (...)
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  33.  29
    Negative Emotion Arousal and Altruism Promoting of Online Public Stigmatization on COVID-19 Pandemic.Xi Chen, Chenli Huang, Hongyun Wang, Weiming Wang, Xiangli Ni & Yujie Li - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12:652140.
    The outbreak of COVID-19 is a public health crisis that has had a profound impact on society. Stigma is a common phenomenon in the prevalence and spread of infectious diseases. In the crisis caused by the pandemic, widespread public stigma has influenced social groups. This study explores the negative emotions arousal effect from online public stigmatization during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact on social cooperation. We constructed a model based on the literature and tested it on a sample of (...)
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  34.  26
    Extreme weather and ratings on corporate climate mitigation policies.Dong Chen - 2021 - Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility 30 (4):570-587.
    Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility, EarlyView.
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  35. The Verifiability of Daoist Somatic Mystical Experience.Wen Chen & Xiaoxing Zhang - 2025 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 12.
    Mystical religious experiences typically purport to engage with the transcendent and often claim to involve encounters with spiritual entities or a detachment from the material world. Daoism diverges from this paradigm. This paper examines Daoist mystical experiences of bodily transformations and explores their epistemological implications. Specifically, we defend the justificatory power of Daoist somatic experiences against the disanalogy objection. The disanalogy objection posits that mystical experiences, in contrast to sense perceptions, are not socially verifiable and thereby lack prima facie epistemic (...)
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  36.  42
    Corporate Codes of Ethics, National Culture, and Earnings Discretion: International Evidence.Chu Chen, Giorgio Gotti, Tony Kang & Michael C. Wolfe - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics 151 (1):141-163.
    This study examines the role of codes of ethics in reducing the extent to which managers act opportunistically in reporting earnings. Corporate codes of ethics, by clarifying the boundaries of ethical corporate behaviors and making relevant social norms more salient, have the potential to deter managers from engaging in opportunistic financial reporting practices. In a sample of international companies, we find that the quality of corporate codes of ethics is associated with higher earnings quality, i.e., lower discretionary accruals. Our results (...)
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  37.  37
    One hundred years of Chinese dialectical logic: An academic history of logic relating to contemporary Chinese Marxism.Lei Chen & Chengbing Wang - 2022 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 54 (11):1786-1795.
    The study of dialectical logic has a history of nearly one hundred years in China. It is significant for understanding both the growth of Chinese logic and the Sinicization of Marxism to review dialectical logic in the context of introducing the study of Marxism in China. Debates about dialectical logic in Chinese academic circles involve not only the problems of logic itself, but more importantly the understanding of Marxist philosophy. In the 1920s and 1930s, some Marxist researchers in China were (...)
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  38. Scoring Individual Moral Inclination for the CNI Test.Yi Chen, Benjamin Lugu, Wenchao Ma & Hyemin Han - 2024 - Stats 7 (3):894-905.
    Item response theory (IRT) is a modern psychometric framework for estimating respondents’ latent traits (e.g., ability, attitude, and personality) based on their responses to a set of questions in psychological tests. The current study adopted an item response tree (IRTree) method, which combines the tree model with IRT models for handling the sequential process of responding to a test item, to score individual moral inclination for the CNI test—a broadly adopted model for examining humans’ moral decision-making with three parameters generated: (...)
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  39.  28
    Does External Innovation Promote the Exports of Private Enterprises? A Market Stakeholder Perspective.Siyu Chen, Xiaojing Jiang, Yujia Wan & Jie Hao - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Using the theoretical perspective of market stakeholders, we analyze the impact of external innovations from upstream enterprises, downstream enterprises, and competitors on the exports of private enterprises. By using data from the China Industrial Enterprises Database, we find that external innovations from upstream suppliers, downstream customers and horizontal competitors show positive impacts on the export propensity, intensity and scale for private enterprises. The results of a heterogeneity analysis indicate that the positive relationships between the external innovations of stakeholders and the (...)
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  40.  42
    General Deficit in Inhibitory Control of Excessive Smartphone Users: Evidence from an Event-Related Potential Study.Jingwei Chen, Yunsi Liang, Chunmiao Mai, Xiyun Zhong & Chen Qu - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  41. Bodily Awareness and Immunity to Error through Misidentification.Cheryl K. Chen - 2011 - European Journal of Philosophy 19 (1):21-38.
    Abstract: Some first person statements, such as ‘I am in pain’, are thought to be immune to error through misidentification (IEM): I cannot be wrong that I am in pain because—while I know that someone is in pain—I have mistaken that person for myself. While IEM is typically associated with the self-ascription of psychological properties, some philosophers attempt to draw anti-Cartesian conclusions from the claim that certain physical self-ascriptions are also IEM. In this paper, I will examine whether some physical (...)
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  42.  66
    All we Are Saying: Joseph Agassi’s Application of Critical Rationalism to Political Science.Chen Yehezkely - 2023 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 53 (1):16-25.
    Agassi’s chief contribution to the application of critical rationalism to political science is his claim that civic nationhood is a minimum requirement of democracy. This usually comes with the qualification that it is so, not as a matter of principle, but as a matter of contingency: it is an operative minimum requirement.
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  43.  33
    Can Positive Affective Variables Mediate Intervention Effects on Physical Activity? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cheng Chen, Emily Finne, Alexandra Kopp & Darko Jekauc - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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  44.  44
    Corporate Philanthropy and Tunneling: Evidence from China.Jun Chen, Wang Dong, Jamie Tong & Feida Zhang - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics 150 (1):135-157.
    This paper examines the association between corporate philanthropy and tunneling by controlling shareholders. Using a unique dataset from China, the paper finds evidence that firms donating more are less likely to tunnel. The negative association between philanthropy and tunneling is stronger when firms are faced with more severe agency conflicts, as indicated by lower largest shareholding, fewer growth opportunities, lower state ownership, and weaker product market competition. The results suggest that companies engaging in philanthropy have incentives to enhance their reputations (...)
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  45.  55
    Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parent–Child Relationship, and Learning Motivation on Reading Ability.Qishan Chen, Yurou Kong, Wenyang Gao & Lei Mo - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  46.  32
    CEO Accountability for Corporate Fraud: Evidence from the Split Share Structure Reform in China.Jiandong Chen, Douglas Cumming, Wenxuan Hou & Edward Lee - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 138 (4):787-806.
    We use institutional-related theories and a unique natural experiment that enables an exogenous test of the influence of controlling shareholders on managerial accountability to corporate fraud. In China, prior to the Split Share Structure Reform (SSSR), state shareholders held restricted shares that could not be traded. This restriction mitigated state-owned enterprise controlling shareholders’ incentives to monitor managers. The data examined show the SSSR strengthens incentives of state-owned enterprise controlling shareholders to replace fraudulent management. Our findings support the view that economic (...)
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  47.  49
    Mechanism of the shape memory effect in martensitic alloys: an assessment.Kazuhiro Otsuka, Avadh Saxena, Junkai Deng & Xiaobing Ren - 2011 - Philosophical Magazine 91 (36):4514-4535.
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  48. Virtue Ethics and Confucian Ethics.Lai Chen - 2010 - Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 9 (3):275-287.
    This essay focuses on the unity of several virtues in pre-Qin Confucians. Confucius maintains the proper application and coherence of such virtues as benevolence, wisdom, trustworthiness, straightforwardness, courage, and firmness. Further, Confucius takes benevolence and nobility as characteristic of human being. Particular attention is paid to the distinction and relationship between virtuous characters and virtuous actions.
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  49.  46
    Affect in the eyes: explicit and implicit evaluations.Tingji Chen, Terhi M. Helminen & Jari K. Hietanen - 2017 - Cognition and Emotion 31 (6):1070-1082.
    The present study investigated whether another individual’s gaze direction influences an observer’s affective responses. In Experiment 1, subjective self-ratings and an affective priming paradigm were employed to examine how participants explicitly and implicitly, respectively, evaluated the affective valence of direct gaze, averted gaze, and closed eyes. The explicit self-ratings showed that participants evaluated closed eyes more positively than direct gaze. However, the implicit priming task showed an inverse pattern of results indicating that direct gaze was automatically evaluated more positively than (...)
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  50.  39
    Quantifying Structural and Non‐structural Expectations in Relative Clause Processing.Zhong Chen & John T. Hale - 2021 - Cognitive Science 45 (1):e12927.
    Information‐theoretic complexity metrics, such as Surprisal (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008) and Entropy Reduction (Hale, 2003), are linking hypotheses that bridge theorized expectations about sentences and observed processing difficulty in comprehension. These expectations can be viewed as syntactic derivations constrained by a grammar. However, this expectation‐based view is not limited to syntactic information alone. The present study combines structural and non‐structural information in unified models of word‐by‐word sentence processing difficulty. Using probabilistic minimalist grammars (Stabler, 1997), we extend expectation‐based models to include (...)
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