Results for 'decision model'

978 found
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  1.  19
    Statistical decision model for auditory word recognition.John R. Frederiksen - 1971 - Psychological Review 78 (5):409-419.
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  2. A decision-model for absolute frequency judgments.We Hockley - 1988 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 26 (6):492-492.
  3.  27
    Disentangling decision models: From independence to competition.Andrei R. Teodorescu & Marius Usher - 2013 - Psychological Review 120 (1):1-38.
  4.  44
    Decision modelling of economic evaluation of intervention programme of breast cancer.Jung-Chen Chang, Tony H.-H. Chen, Stephen W. Duffy, Amy M.-F. Yen & Sam L.-S. Chen - 2010 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 16 (6):1282-1288.
  5.  25
    What do decision models tell us about information use?Evert A. Lindquist - 1988 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 1 (2):86-111.
    This paper develops hypotheses about the implications of different types of decision for the utilization of different types of systematically produced information: data, research, and analysis. The engineering and enlightenment models found in the knowledge utilization literature prove inadequate for this purpose. We turn to three decision models—routine, incremental, and fundamental–and determine their implied demands for information. We also examine how information might be used in scanning procedures in anticipation of decision regime shifts. The results suggest that (...)
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  6.  25
    A decision model for accuracy and response latency in recognition memory.William E. Hockley & Bennet B. Murdock - 1987 - Psychological Review 94 (3):341-358.
  7. An acquisition, loss, and decision-model of retrieval from stm.Ba Dosher - 1991 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 29 (6):475-475.
  8.  13
    Empirical decision model learning.Michele Lombardi, Michela Milano & Andrea Bartolini - 2017 - Artificial Intelligence 244 (C):343-367.
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  9.  16
    Decision Model of Contract-Farming Supply Chain Considering Producer’s Fairness Concerns under Random Yield.Yangang Feng, Rui Chen & Lin He - 2022 - Complexity 2022:1-8.
    Supply chain management is critical for addressing uncertainties caused by random demand and production yield. In this study, a random yield supply chain, in which the production process of fresh agricultural products is easily affected by factors, such as weather, soil, or plant diseases and insect pests, was considered. Therefore, the actual output is typically less than the planned output. A model in which the producer faces yield uncertainty was considered, and the influence of the producer’s fairness concerns on (...)
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  10.  25
    Decision modelling: An objective approach to moral reasoning.Susanna Cahn & Joseph M. Pastore Jr - 2003 - Teaching Business Ethics 7 (4):329-340.
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  11.  35
    Analytical decision model for sample size and effectiveness projections for use in planning a population‐based randomized controlled trial of colorectal cancer screening.Sherry Y.-H. Chiu, Nea Malila, Amy M.-F. Yen, Ahti Anttila, Matti Hakama & H.-H. Chen - 2011 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 17 (1):123-129.
  12.  33
    Using Decision Models to Enhance Investigations of Individual Differences in Cognitive Neuroscience.Corey N. White, Ryan A. Curl & Jennifer F. Sloane - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  13.  63
    Development of agent system based on decision model for creating an ambient space.Takashi Nishiyama, Shinpei Hibiya & Tetsuo Sawaragi - 2011 - AI and Society 26 (3):247-259.
    This paper describes a decision model for an autonomous agent that provides an inhabitant with comfort based on information network technologies that connect home electric appliances with household equipment. The inhabitant enjoys the benefit of comfort, while he pays the cost for keeping that comfort. The autonomous agent should decide and control household equipment considering that cost from the inhabitant’s viewpoint. Thus, we utilized a representation scheme called an “influence diagram” that enabled us to model the (...)-making process of the agent from the inhabitant’s point of view. First, decision modeling using the influence diagram is presented via an example. The presented model consists of three information-processing modules: a module for estimating the situation of an inhabitant based on information from home networks, a module for evaluating comfort of the inhabitant, and a module for making decisions that maximize the utility of the inhabitant from both the viewpoints of comfort and the cost paid for that comfort. Next, an experiment for verifying whether the presented model is effective or not, and its results are described. Finally, our model of the agent is discussed in relation to social intelligence design by investigating the interactive processes between the agent and the inhabitant. (shrink)
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  14. Business ethics cases and decision models: A call for relevancy in the classroom. [REVIEW]David L. Mathison - 1988 - Journal of Business Ethics 7 (10):777 - 782.
    Classroom cases and decision making models used in the teaching of business ethics may be inconsistent with the actual needs of practicing manager students. Three summary cases written by practicing manager students are included in this paper as well as evidence that concerns a focus more on interpersonal dilemmas rather than top management decisions. As well, the relevancy of philosophical perspectives of ethical decision models is questioned. More practical, hands-on models for ethical decisions are provided. Finally, conclusions of (...)
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  15.  86
    Applying the Jeffrey decision model to rational betting and information acquisition.Ernest W. Adams & Roger D. Rosenkrantz - 1980 - Theory and Decision 12 (1):1-20.
  16.  14
    Systematic Parameter Reviews in Cognitive Modeling: Towards a Robust and Cumulative Characterization of Psychological Processes in the Diffusion Decision Model.N. -Han Tran, Leendert van Maanen, Andrew Heathcote & Dora Matzke - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    Parametric cognitive models are increasingly popular tools for analyzing data obtained from psychological experiments. One of the main goals of such models is to formalize psychological theories using parameters that represent distinct psychological processes. We argue that systematic quantitative reviews of parameter estimates can make an important contribution to robust and cumulative cognitive modeling. Parameter reviews can benefit model development and model assessment by providing valuable information about the expected parameter space, and can facilitate the more efficient design (...)
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  17.  26
    An ontology of decision models.Lisheng He, Wenjia Joyce Zhao & Sudeep Bhatia - 2022 - Psychological Review 129 (1):49-72.
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  18. Open Parallel Cooperative and Competitive Decision Processes: A Potential Provenance for Quantum Probability Decision Models.Ian G. Fuss & Daniel J. Navarro - 2013 - Topics in Cognitive Science 5 (4):818-843.
    In recent years quantum probability models have been used to explain many aspects of human decision making, and as such quantum models have been considered a viable alternative to Bayesian models based on classical probability. One criticism that is often leveled at both kinds of models is that they lack a clear interpretation in terms of psychological mechanisms. In this paper we discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of a quantum walk model of human decision making and response time. (...)
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  19.  48
    Using sensitive personal data may be necessary for avoiding discrimination in data-driven decision models.Indrė Žliobaitė & Bart Custers - 2016 - Artificial Intelligence and Law 24 (2):183-201.
    Increasing numbers of decisions about everyday life are made using algorithms. By algorithms we mean predictive models (decision rules) captured from historical data using data mining. Such models often decide prices we pay, select ads we see and news we read online, match job descriptions and candidate CVs, decide who gets a loan, who goes through an extra airport security check, or who gets released on parole. Yet growing evidence suggests that decision making by algorithms may discriminate people, (...)
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  20. A bioethical decision model.J. E. Thompson & H. O. Thompson - 1990 - In Joyce Beebe Thompson & Henry O. Thompson, Professional ethics in nursing. Malabar, Fla.: R.E. Krieger Pub. Co..
     
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  21.  19
    Deciding about decision models of remember and know judgments: A reply to Murdock (2006).Neil A. Macmillan & Caren M. Rotello - 2006 - Psychological Review 113 (3):657-664.
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  22.  51
    Contending medical decision models.Frederick O. Bonkovsky - 2001 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 22 (3):193-210.
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  23. Theoretical conceptualization of online privacy-related decision making – Introducing the tripartite self-disclosure decision model.Sina Ostendorf & Matthias Brand - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Self-disclosures on online social networks have received increased attention in the last two decades. Researchers from different disciplines investigated manifold influencing variables, and studies applied different theories to explain why many users share very sensitive and personal information despite potential risks and negative consequences, whereas others do not. Oftentimes, it is argued that self-disclosure decisions result from a kind of rational “calculus” of risks and benefits. However, such an assumption of rationality can and has been criticized. Nevertheless, fundamental cognitive and (...)
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  24.  45
    Proper and Standard Risk Aversion in Two-Moment Decision Models.Fatma Lajeri-Chaherli - 2004 - Theory and Decision 57 (3):213-225.
    For linear distribution classes, mean-variance and expected utility specifications have been shown in the literature to be fully compatible when studying the concepts of risk aversion, prudence, risk vulnerability and temperance. This paper shows that such compatibility does hold for the concept of standard risk aversion but not for the concepts of proper risk aversion and proper prudence.
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  25.  72
    Where Luce and Krantz do really generalize Savage's decision model.Wolfgang Spohn - 1977 - Erkenntnis 11 (1):113 - 134.
  26. Linear models in decision making.Robyn M. Dawes & Bernard Corrigan - 1974 - Psychological Bulletin 81 (2):95-106.
    A review of the literature indicates that linear models are frequently used in situations in which decisions are made on the basis of multiple codable inputs. These models are sometimes used normatively to aid the decision maker, as a contrast with the decision maker in the clinical vs statistical controversy, to represent the decision maker "paramorphically" and to "bootstrap" the decision maker by replacing him with his representation. Examination of the contexts in which linear models have (...)
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  27. Ethical decision-making models: a taxonomy of models and review of issues.Melanie K. Johnson, Sean N. Weeks, Gretchen Gimpel Peacock & Melanie M. Domenech Rodríguez - 2022 - Ethics and Behavior 32 (3):195-209.
    A discussion of ethical decision-making literature is overdue. In this article, we summarize the current literature of ethical decision-making models used in mental health professions. Of 1,520 articles published between 2001 and 2020 that met initial search criteria, 38 articles were included. We report on the status of empirical evidence for the use of these models along with comparisons, limitations, and considerations. Ethical decision-making models were synthesized into eight core procedural components and presented based on the composition (...)
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  28. A model of path-dependence in decisions over multiple propositions.Christian List - 2004 - American Political Science Review 98 (3):495-513.
    I model sequential decisions over multiple interconnected propositions and investigate path-dependence in such decisions. The propositions and their interconnections are represented in propositional logic. A sequential decision process is path-dependent if its outcome depends on the order in which the propositions are considered. Assuming that earlier decisions constrain later ones, I prove three main results: First, certain rationality violations by the decision-making agent—individual or group—are necessary and sufficient for path-dependence. Second, under some conditions, path-dependence is unavoidable in (...)
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  29.  56
    Publishing web‐based guidelines using interactive decision models.Gillian D. Sanders, Robert F. Nease & Douglas K. Owens - 2001 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 7 (2):175-189.
  30. A Model of Ethical Decision Making: The Integration of Process and Content.Roselie McDevitt, Catherine Giapponi & Cheryl Tromley - 2006 - Journal of Business Ethics 73 (2):219-229.
    We develop a model of ethical decision making that integrates the decision-making process and the content variables considered by individuals facing ethical dilemmas. The process described in the model is drawn from Janis and Mann’s [1977, Decision Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict Choice and Commitment (The Free Press, New York)] work describing the decision process in an environment of conflict, choice and commitment. The model is enhanced by the inclusion of content variables (...)
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  31.  49
    Security Level, Potential Level, Expected Utility: A Three-Criteria Decision Model under Risk.MichÈle Cohen - 1992 - Theory and Decision 33 (2):101.
  32.  11
    Ethical Decision-Making for Self-Driving Vehicles: A Proposed Model & List of Value-Laden Terms that Warrant (Technical) Specification.Franziska Poszler, Maximilian Geisslinger & Christoph Lütge - 2024 - Science and Engineering Ethics 30 (5):1-31.
    Self-driving vehicles (SDVs) will need to make decisions that carry ethical dimensions and are of normative significance. For example, by choosing a specific trajectory, they determine how risks are distributed among traffic participants. Accordingly, policymakers, standardization organizations and scholars have conceptualized what (shall) constitute(s) ethical decision-making for SDVs. Eventually, these conceptualizations must be converted into specific system requirements to ensure proper technical implementation. Therefore, this article aims to translate critical requirements recently formulated in scholarly work, existing standards, regulatory drafts (...)
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  33.  61
    Exploring the structure of ethical attributions as a component of the consumer decision model: The vicarious versus personal perspective. [REVIEW]Joel Whalen, Robert E. Pitts & John K. Wong - 1991 - Journal of Business Ethics 10 (4):285 - 293.
    The managerial ethics literature is used as a base for the inclusion of Ethical Attribution, as an element in the consumer's decision process. A situational model of ethical consideration in consumer behavior is proposed and examined for Personal vs. Vicarious effects. Using a path analytic approach, unique structures are reported for Personal and Vicarious situations in the evaluation of a seller's unethical behavior. An attributional paradigm is suggested to explain the results.
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  34. A model of jury decisions where all jurors have the same evidence.Franz Dietrich & Christian List - 2004 - Synthese 142 (2):175 - 202.
    Under the independence and competence assumptions of Condorcet’s classical jury model, the probability of a correct majority decision converges to certainty as the jury size increases, a seemingly unrealistic result. Using Bayesian networks, we argue that the model’s independence assumption requires that the state of the world (guilty or not guilty) is the latest common cause of all jurors’ votes. But often – arguably in all courtroom cases and in many expert panels – the latest such common (...)
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  35.  85
    Green Supplier Selection for Process Industries Using Weighted Grey Incidence Decision Model.Jing Quan, Bo Zeng & Dai Liu - 2018 - Complexity 2018:1-12.
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  36.  15
    Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision.Jerome R. Busemeyer & Peter D. Bruza - 2012 - Cambridge University Press.
    Much of our understanding of human thinking is based on probabilistic models. This innovative book by Jerome R. Busemeyer and Peter D. Bruza argues that, actually, the underlying mathematical structures from quantum theory provide a much better account of human thinking than traditional models. They introduce the foundations for modelling probabilistic-dynamic systems using two aspects of quantum theory. The first, 'contextuality', is a way to understand interference effects found with inferences and decisions under conditions of uncertainty. The second, 'quantum entanglement', (...)
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  37.  28
    Sequential effects in disjunctive reaction time: Implications for decision models.Judith A. Williams - 1966 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 71 (5):665.
  38. Ethical Decisions About Sharing Music Files in the P2P Environment.Rong-An Shang, Yu-Chen Chen & Pin-Cheng Chen - 2008 - Journal of Business Ethics 80 (2):349-365.
    Digitized information and network have made an enormous impact on the music and movie industries. Internet piracy is popular and has greatly threatened the companies in these industries. This study tests Hunt-Vitell’s ethical decision model and attempts to understand why and how people share unauthorized music files with others in the peer-to-peer (P2P) network. The norm of anti-piracy, the ideology of free software, the norm of reciprocity, and the ideology of consumer rights are proposed as four deontological norms (...)
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  39. A model of decision-making incorporating ethical values.David J. Fritzsche - 1991 - Journal of Business Ethics 10 (11):841 - 852.
    A model is presented which describes the process decision-makers follow when faced with problems containing ethical dimensions. The model, based upon the empirical literature, is designed to provide guidance to researchers studying ethical behavior in business. The model portrays the decision-maker with a set of personal values which are mediated by elements of the organization's culture. The combination of personal values and organizational influences yields decisions which may be significantly different from those made based upon (...)
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  40. Decision Theoretic Model of the Productivity Gap.Liam Kofi Bright - 2017 - Erkenntnis 82 (2):421-442.
    Using a decision theoretic model of scientists’ time allocation between potential research projects I explain the fact that on average women scientists publish less research papers than men scientists. If scientists are incentivised to publish as many papers as possible, then it is necessary and sufficient for a productivity gap to arise that women scientists anticipate harsher treatment of their manuscripts than men scientists anticipate for their manuscripts. I present evidence that women do expect harsher treatment and that (...)
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  41. The Informed Consent of Human Medical Research in Mainland China: A Family-Based Binary Decision Model.Rui Deng - 2015 - In Ruiping Fan, Family-Oriented Informed Consent: East Asian and American Perspectives. Cham: Springer Verlag.
     
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  42.  4
    Using a Veto paradigm to investigate the decision models in explaining Libet-style experiments.Yu Hei Shum, Carl Michael Galang & Marcel Brass - 2024 - Consciousness and Cognition 124 (C):103732.
  43.  19
    Naturalistic Decision-Making in Sport: How Current Advances Into Recognition Primed Decision Model Offer Insights for Future Research in Sport Settings?Cyril Bossard, Thibault Kérivel, Sylvain Dugény, Pierre Bagot, Tanguy Fontaine & Gilles Kermarrec - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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  44.  54
    An ethical decision-making model for operational psychology.James A. Stephenson & Mark A. Staal - 2007 - Ethics and Behavior 17 (1):61 – 82.
    Operational psychology is an emerging subdiscipline that has enhanced the U.S. military's combat capabilities during the Global War on Terrorism. What makes this subdiscipline unique is its use of psychological principles and skills to improve a commander's decision making as it pertains to conducting combat (or related operations). Due to psychology's expanding role in combat support, psychologists are being confronted with challenges that require the application of their professional ethics in areas in which little if any guidance has been (...)
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  45.  20
    The Computations Underlying Religious Conversion: A Bayesian Decision Model.Francesco Rigoli - 2023 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 23 (1-2):241-257.
    Inspired by recent Bayesian interpretations about the psychology underlying religion, the paper introduces a theory proposing that religious conversion is shaped by three factors: (i) novel relevant information, experienced in perceptual or in social form (e.g., following interaction with missionaries); (ii) changes in the utility (e.g., expressed in an opportunity to raise in social rank) associated with accepting a new religious creed; and (iii) prior beliefs, favouring religious faiths that, although new, still remain consistent with entrenched cultural views (resulting in (...)
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  46. Models of Decision-Making: Simplifying Choices.Paul Weirich - 2014 - Cambridge University Press.
    The options in a decision problem generally have outcomes with common features. Putting aside the common features simplifies deliberations, but the simplification requires a philosophical justification that this book provides.
     
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  47.  40
    Cognitive Models of Choice: Comparing Decision Field Theory to the Proportional Difference Model.Benjamin Scheibehenne, Jörg Rieskamp & Claudia González-Vallejo - 2009 - Cognitive Science 33 (5):911-939.
    People often face preferential decisions under risk. To further our understanding of the cognitive processes underlying these preferential choices, two prominent cognitive models, decision field theory (DFT; Busemeyer & Townsend, 1993) and the proportional difference model (PD; González‐Vallejo, 2002), were rigorously tested against each other. In two consecutive experiments, the participants repeatedly had to choose between monetary gambles. The first experiment provided the reference to estimate the models’ free parameters. From these estimations, new gamble pairs were generated for (...)
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  48. Modelling the Moral Dimension of Decisions.Mark Colyvan, Damian Cox & Katie Siobhan Steele - 2010 - Noûs 44 (3):503-529.
    In this paper we explore the connections between ethics and decision theory. In particular, we consider the question of whether decision theory carries with it a bias towards consequentialist ethical theories. We argue that there are plausible versions of the other ethical theories that can be accommodated by “standard” decision theory, but there are also variations of these ethical theories that are less easily accommodated. So while “standard” decision theory is not exclusively consequentialist, it is not (...)
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  49. Shared Decision Making, Paternalism and Patient Choice.Lars Sandman & Christian Munthe - 2010 - Health Care Analysis 18 (1):60-84.
    In patient centred care, shared decision making is a central feature and widely referred to as a norm for patient centred medical consultation. However, it is far from clear how to distinguish SDM from standard models and ideals for medical decision making, such as paternalism and patient choice, and e.g., whether paternalism and patient choice can involve a greater degree of the sort of sharing involved in SDM and still retain their essential features. In the article, different versions (...)
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  50.  89
    Nonconsequentialist decisions.Jonathan Baron - 1994 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17 (1):1-10. Translated by Jonathan Baron.
    According to a simple form of consequentialism, we should base decisions on our judgments about their consequences for achieving our goals. Our goals give us reason to endorse consequentialism as a standard of decision making. Alternative standards invariably lead to consequences that are less good in this sense. Yet some people knowingly follow decision rules that violate consequentialism. For example, they prefer harmful omissions to less harmful acts, they favor the status quo over alternatives they would otherwise judge (...)
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