Providing the first English translation of Análisis del ser del mexicano, this book features a full biography of Uranga, a detailed overview of the translated text, and discussion of Uranga's relevance to contemporary debates in the phenomenology of culture, the philosophy of liberation, Latin American philosophy and phenomenology itself. Reading Uranga's brilliant words expertly translated and introduced by Carlos Alberto Sánchez finally allows us to understand why this Mexican philosopher is considered one of the most fearless and original thinkers of (...) the 20th century. (shrink)

La decouverte de plus en plus profonde de la signification du christianisme a transforme la pensee de Fichte. Reciproquement, Fichte s'engage dans la voie d'une transformation du christianisme, au sens d'une metamorphose de la croyance en vision; il saisit la foi comme un stade imparfait de la science et souligne que seule cette derniere est a meme de supprimer l'exteriorite de l'Absolu. Le present ouvrage allie les points de vue genetique et systematique. De ses cinq parties, les quatre premieres exposent, (...) en suivant l'ordre chronologique, l'evolution de la theorie fichteenne du christianisme, depuis les textes prekantiens jusqu'a la Doctrine de l'Etat de 1813. La longue cinquieme partie, structuree thematiquement plutot que chronologiquement, est reservee non seulement a la reprise synthetique, mais aussi a la confrontation critique. Elle examine les differents aspects de la conception fichteenne du christianisme, notamment sa position a l'egard du Nouveau Testament, de la dogmatique, de la morale et de la mystique chretiennes. (shrink)

Jewish monotheism forbids every representation of God. In ancient Greece, on the contrary, great sculptural art was mainly representation of several gods. I wonder whether, according to Hermann Cohen, sculpture and paganism are necessarily bound together. What, then, is the meaning of artistic representation of Jesus Christ? Is he the ideal of an unification of God and Man?

Rudolf Pannwitz è una delle più complesse, ma spesso sottovalutate figure intellettuali dell'area germanofona, autore linguisticamente sapido di una bibliografia enorme e poliedrica, il quale ha raccolto in vita la stima di personalità tra le più importanti del panorama culturale europeo. Né si può trascurare una biografia contrastata, sofferta, eccentrica, che solo nella sua ultima fase consentirà una sistemazione matura del pensiero. Questo volume ricostruisce compiutamente per la prima volta la dottrina filosofica pannwitziana; quella filosofia che per autodichiarazione risulta essere (...) la categoria cui appartiene ciò che di più importante la sua persona ha espresso. La formulazione definitiva coincide col grande dittico della maturità - costituito dalle opere Der Aufbau der Natur e Das Werk des Menschen - che introduce la distinzione fondamentale tra mondo disponibile e mondo prodotto. Ma Pannwitz è anche un grande europeo. Particolare attenzione è allora riservata alla sua filosofia politica, il cui carattere profetico è in alcuni passaggi sorprendente, e che prospetta soluzioni che anticipano in modo appassionato e vibrante i capisaldi del dibattito a venire. In prima traduzione italiana con originale tedesco a fronte viene proposto in appendice il testo Aufgaben Europas, una relazione pubblica tenuta da Pannwitz nel 1955. (shrink)

Estudio del término sakīna en su evolución postcoránica en el que se muestra, en primer lugar, lo que la investigación ha dicho sobre él, para, a continuación, presentar, traducir y analizar cinco textos pertenecientes al ámbito islámico y al filosófico en donde aparece dicho término y que no habían sido tenidos en cuenta hasta ahora. Estos textos proceden de: Ibn Ḥabīb, al-Tawḥīdī, traducción árabe de los Versos áureos, y Comentarios de Jámblico y de Proclo a estos Versos áureos. La sakīna (...) coránica evoluciona en estos autores pasando a connotar una pacificación en los animales violentos en Ibn Habib y un estado cercano a la divinidad de caracteres próximos al de los sufíes en al-Tawhidi, mientras que en los Versos áureos se emplea sakīna para traducir daímōn, con sus efectos de eliminación de los males originados por la discordia innata a los hombres. En los Comentarios a los Versos áureos se dan explicaciones, de corte religioso y racionalista a la vez, de dicho término. (shrink)

Time and time consciousness have always been for Edmund Husserl a kind of torment, a stimulus, an enigma, an 'ultimate and true absolute', as he wrote in the _Ideen_. This paper aims to show that Husserl addressed this topic, after the _Vorlesungen_, especially in his last published book _Erfahrung und Urteil_, presenting a solution that introduces a possible new perspective on thought. The conceptual core of this solution is found in the complex and fascinating analysis of passive temporal synthesis. Consciousness, (...) temporality and perception become the terms of multiple equations in their fundamental, mobile and unguaranteed basis, in a way that challenges the centuries-old concept of the central unity of the constant ego. In the middle of dark times, aware of his 'discoveries' of the 1930s such as pre-predictivity, _Lebenswelt_, anonymous and functioning intentionality, and always on behalf of the new rationalism, this also seems to be one of the most important final responses given by Husserl to Heidegger, as well as one of his most fruitful legacies and challenges to further thinking. (shrink)

A central topic in Cohen’s Ästhetik des reinen Gefühls is the artistic representation of the human figure; in Cohen’s reflections on this topic, the nude has a fundamental importance. The first aim of this paper is to examine Cohen’s theses on the role of the nude in figurative arts, as well as his comments about sculptural and pictorial works representing nude figures. This will bring us to take into consideration Cohen’s judgement about eroticism in art. Some brief considerations about the (...) nude in contemporary art, and above all in photography, will be expressed in order to evaluate the topicality of Cohen’s aesthetics concerning this theme. These considerations, however, will make it necessary to rethink Cohen’s judgement regarding eroticism in art. (shrink)

This paper is about Michel Henry’s interpretation of the topic of the soul in Kant’s thought. Two aspects of this topic will be particularly examined: Kant’s criticism of the concept of the soul as a substance and the I think as the consciousness that every representation of mine is a representation for me. Henry thinks that the insertion of this consciousness in Kant’s thought is a necessary incoherence that shows the impossibility to reduce appearing to representation. At the end it (...) will be shown that, in the context of henrian thought, the abandonment of the concept of the soul as a substance is a condition to assert the radical difference between human beings and things. (shrink)

Cohen deals with the question of the possibility for art to represent God or the divine in some of his works, throughout all his philosophical production, but obviously above all in his main aesthetic work, sthetik des reinen Gefhls. We can state that in Cohen's works this problem is posed with reference to three different religious fields: Greek polytheism, Jewish monotheism and Christianity. The topic of this essay will be Cohen's thought about the artistic representation of the divine in Christianity (...) or in Christian art through the representation of Jesus. This topic will be examined with reference both to Kants Begrndung der sthetik and to sthetik des reinen Gefhls ; whereas in Kants Begrndung der sthetik Cohen devotes to the representation of Jesus just a short consideration in the historical introduction of the book, in sthetik des reinen Gefhls the representation of Jesus is object of far more attention. Here, Cohen's answer to the question of the possibility to represent the divine through the representation of Jesus is that Jesus' divinity, in the artistic representation of his figure, can only have a metaphorical value, the real meaning of which is that Jesus' story is the ideal story of the human being; in Kants Begrndung der sthetik and in other writings of the 80s, on the contrary, the idea of incarnation and of the divinity of Jesus is object of a different appreciation by Cohen. The comparison between these different stances can be a contribution to the comprehension of the changes in Cohen's view of Christianity through the years. (shrink)

Includes articles about Origen, Thomas Aquinas, Hegel, Schleiermacher, Blondel, Teilhard de Chardin, Barth, Heidegger, Gadamer, postmodernism.

“The Messiah [...] is the source of all religious art.” This statement, which we find in Cohen’s Über den ästhetischen Wert unserer religiösen Bildung, seems to be not fully consistent with the whole of Cohen’s aesthetics and with Cohen’s thought about the possibility of art having religious themes. In order to explain this statement and Cohen’s perspective about Messianism in art, in §§ 1-3 I examine Cohen’s reflections about this topic in his main works about art and religion; in § (...) 4 I maintain that the goal of this statement is to underline a difference between Jewish and Christian religious art. Finally, in § 5, I offer a short examination of some 20th or 21th century artworks that can be compared to Cohen’s views about Messianism in art: namely, Marc Chagall’s crucifixions, Gustav Mahler’s 4th symphony, and Michelangelo Pistoletto’s Terzo Paradiso. (shrink)

Il concetto dell'anima svolge nel pensiero di Michel Henry un'importantissima funzione di filo conduttore nell'esame di alcuni momenti fondamentali della storia della filosofia. Dal momento che le interpretazioni henriane del pensiero dei filosofi del passato hanno sempre uno scopo teoretico, lo studio di questo utilizzo del tema dell'anima in funzione di filo conduttore permette sia di comprendere meglio alcuni aspetti importanti delle tesi filosofiche di Henry, sia di valutarne con maggiore consapevolezza l'importanza per lafilosofia e per la cultura di oggi.

The aim of this text is to develop an epistemological-technique approach which permit analyze the work of Juan Downey, and his use of technical medias and also include the struggle against the State in the political and cultural model of the primitive societies of the Yano- mani, particularly by the work of Pierre Clastres and Jacques Lizot, and also their point of view of the methods of production in the societies of abundance, as theorized the anthropologist Marshall Sahlins, considering these (...) anthropological paradigms as a medium to understand the mediatic interaction and the technique development in the works of Juan Downey. (shrink)

This paper studies the effects of social comparison on risk taking behavior. In our theoretical framework, decision makers evaluate the consequences of their choices relative to both their own and their peers’ conditions. We test experimentally whether the position in the social ranking affects risk attitudes. Subjects interact in a simulated workplace environment where they perform a work task, receive possibly different wages, and then undertake a risky decision that may produce an extra gain. We find that social comparison matters (...) for risk attitudes. Subjects are more risk averse in the presence of small social gain than social loss. In addition, risk aversion is decreasing in the size of the social gain. (shrink)

El movimiento transhumanista tiene, entre sus propuestas principales, el proyecto de alargar la vida para poder alcanzar la inmortalidad en una vida indefinida o en una forma cibernética de existencia. En este artículo se presenta la propuesta del transhumanismo y se reflexiona sobre el deseo de ser inmortales y sobre las implicaciones antropológicas de la muerte. La crítica se hace desde la consideración de aspectos fundamentales del ser humano, como la finitud, la historicidad y la vulnerabilidad. Además, el proyecto transhumanista (...) de vencer la muerte supone una propuesta de salvación, que coincide en su formulación con la misma que hace el cristianismo. Ambos pretenden una victoria sobre la muerte. La crítica teológica se centra en la comprensión de la muerte y en la reflexión sobre los medios para vencerla. En este artículo la crítica al proyecto transhumanista se dirige, más que a lo que propone, a lo que queda sin plantear, provocando una reducción en la comprensión de la muerte y en la forma de vencerla. (shrink)

Stakeholder engagement and dialogue have a central role in defining the relations between organisations and their internal and external interlocutors. Drawing upon the analysis of dialogic motifs, power–conflict dynamics and sociopolitical perspectives, and based on a set of interviews with the stakeholders of a consumer-owned cooperative, the research explores the dialogic potential of stakeholder engagement. The analysis revealed a fragmented picture where the co-design and co-implementation aspects were mainly related to the non-business areas of cooperative life, while business logic dominated (...) the most central aspects. Stakeholder engagement was mainly related to consensus building, while dialogic engagement based on a pluralistic understanding was only partially considered and then neglected. The social capital in the local area, the growing size of the organisation and the related power structure embrace stakeholder engagement, influencing the orientation of the dialogic dynamic. The analysis indicates that a dialogic exchange is a relative concept which depends on the interests involved and the topics discussed. It also reveals that the key factors in the democratisation of stakeholder engagement are a mutual understanding and long-term opportunities. Common sociopolitical aspects are also important, but they do not necessarily guarantee the creation of dialogism paths. The research contributes to the critical dialogic literature in revealing whether and how stakeholder engagement has been implemented in a specific setting. It also shows the limitations of voluntarist stakeholder engagement initiatives. (shrink)

La obra literaria de santa Rosa de Lima se reduce a unos versos registrados en el Primer Proceso Ordinario de la jerarquía peruana y a dos medios pliegos holográficos, conservados en el convento de Santa Rosa de las Madres, de Lima. Basándose en estos datos y ahondando en el testimonio de las conclusiones obtenidas por el Dr. Juan del Castillo, tras el examen de conciencia de 1614 realizado a la Santa, el autor realiza una semblanza de la primera escritora místico-visionaria (...) de la América del virreinato. (shrink)

It is commonly assumed that the concept of mechanism is a keytool for the scientific understanding of observable phenomena. However, there is no single definition of mechanism in the current philosophy of science. In fact, philosophers have developed several characterizations of what seemed to be a clear intuitive concept for scientists. In this paper, I will analyze these philosophical conceptions of mechanism, highlighting their problematic aspects and proposing a new mechanistic approach based on the idea that the pertinent levels of (...) organization for a mechanistic explanation can be identified with intervals of quasi-decompositionality. I argue that this approach allows us to consider that activities are directly derived from the entities’ structure. Consequently, a mechanistic explanation implies an arbitrary but not capricious choice of an organizational level. According to this approach, inter-level causation is merely apparent and there is no place for emergent properties. (shrink)

Conclusions As my paper draws to a close, it may seem quite clear that by posing such questions about the organisation of work and labour, one opens up more problems than are actually solved. There is one question in particular that has to be answered. I shall ask that question rhetorically: Can there be a world in which group activities are not started up?