SummaryMusic intended to evoke awe-inspiring fear in the presence of transcendence may be found throughout the work of Olivier Messiaen (1908–1992). The emotion's genealogy extends back through Hebrew and Christian scriptures (‘Fear of the Lord’), the Romantic period (‘sublime’), and the early twentieth century (the creature feeling response to the ‘numinous’ and ‘wholly other’). Messiaen's understanding of this emotion particularly derived from distinctions made by the French Catholic spiritual writer Ernest Hello (1828–1885). Hello distinguished between simple fear (la peur) that (...) makes us cower and the fear of ‘awe’ or ‘wonder’ (la crainte) that opens up possibilities of adoration and self-transcendence. This essay surveys several instances of Messiaen's evocations of fear in works dating from the 1940s through the 1970s. It then concludes with a brief consideration of Apparition of the Eternal Church (2008), a documentary film that records auditors’ reactions as they listen through headphones to Messiaen's crushing organ work (c. 1931/2) with the same title. A concluding question is posed to recent research in the ‘history of emotions’. If listeners do not share communal emotional categories of transcendence, to what extent can they experience Messiaen's intended ‘awe’ (la crainte) as something more than mere ‘fear’ (la peur)? (shrink)

We introduce the working concept of “affective arrangement.” This concept is the centerpiece of a perspective on situated affectivity that emphasizes relationality, dynamics, and performativity. Our proposal relates to work in cultural studies and continental philosophy in the Spinoza–Deleuze lineage, yet it is equally geared to the terms of recent work in the philosophy of emotion. Our aim is to devise a framework that can help flesh out how affectivity unfolds dynamically in a relational setting by which it is at (...) the same time modulated in recurring ways. With this orientation, this article contributes to the interdisciplinary study of situated affectivity and to the theoretical and conceptual unification of distinct strands of research from several disciplines. (shrink)

The bounded confidence model has become a popular tool for studying communities of epistemically interacting agents. The model makes the idealizing assumption that all agents always have access to all other agents’ belief states. We draw on resources from network epistemology to do away with this assumption. In the model to be proposed, we impose an explicit communication network on a community, due to which each agent has access to the beliefs of only a selection of other agents. A much-discussed (...) result from network epistemology shows that densely connected communication networks are not always preferable to sparser networks. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether there are any noteworthy network effects in a version of the bounded confidence model augmented with communication networks, and in particular whether the aforementioned result from network epistemology can be replicated in that version. (shrink)

Am 14. Juli 1995 berichteten die angesehene Wissenschaftszeitschrift Science sowie die berühmte amerikanische Tageszeitung New York Times – auf dem Titelblatt – gleichzeitig über die erstmalige experimentelle Erzeugung eines Bose-Einstein-Kondensates aus einem Gas schwach wechselwirkender Alkaliatome am Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophy- sics (JILA) in Boulder/Colorado (USA). Was war an dieser Leistung so bedeutsam, dass man sich entschloss, sie auf jene Weise bekannt zu geben?

After briefly considering Plato’s objections to rhetoric—it disregards the truth, aiming only to persuade, and it manipulates our emotions rather than instructing us—I turn to the historical Gorgias. The ‘Encomium of Helen’ ascribes to logos virtually all-powerful capacities for persuasion, seduction, and even bewitchment. Here Gorgias celebrates the very things Plato rejects. Yet in the ‘Defense of Palamedes’ considerable anxieties about whether logos actually does possess such strength are voiced: the weakness, not the power, of logos comes to occupy center (...) stage. Gorgias’ own views thus are likely more complex than Plato allows. (shrink)

It is always a great pleasure to read a book which presents itself not solely as a solid academic exercise, but which also firmly places itself within direly needed discussions within the activist...

The paper is a critical comment on D. Hoffman. The Scrambling Theorem: A simple proof of the logical possibility of spectrum inversion. Consciousness and Cognition, 2006, 15, 31–45.

The anti-metaphysical intentions of naturalism can be respected without abandoning the project of a normative epistemology. The central assumptions of naturalism imply that (1.) the distinction between action and behaviour is spurious, and (2.) epistemology cannot continue to be a normative project. Difficulties with the second implication have been adressed by Normative Naturalism, but without violating the naturalistic consensus, it can only appreciate means-end-rationality. However, this does not suffice to justify its own implicit normative pretensions. According to our diagnosis, naturalism (...) succumbs to the lure of an absolute observer's stance and thereby neglects the need for participation in communal practice. By contrast, methodical culturalism ties down the concepts of epistemology to the success of such practice. Only from this perspective, the normative force of epistemology can be appreciated. Also, the mind-body problem loosens its hold and the distinction between action and behaviour is reestablished. In the last section, the mutual relation between philosophy andscience is reconsidered. (shrink)

A Platonist philosopher and priest of Apollo at Delphi, Plutarch (ca. 45-120 CE) covers in his vast oeuvre of miscellaneous writings and biographies of great men virtually every aspect of ancient religion, Greek, Roman, Jewish, Egyptian, Persian. This collection of essays takes the reader on a hike through Plutarch's Religious Landscapes offering as a compass the philosopher's considerations on issues of philosophical theology, cult, ethics, politics, natural sciences, hermeneutics, atheism, and life after death. Plutarch provides a unique vantage point to (...) reconstruct and understand many of the interesting developments that were taking in the philosophical and religious world of the first centuries CE. (shrink)

The book series Linguistische Arbeiten (LA) publishes high-quality work in linguistics that addresses current issues in synchrony and diachrony, theoretically or empirically oriented.

Die Beitrage dieses Bandes gingen aus der interdisziplinaren Fachtagung -Was sind Regeln und was leisten sie?- hervor, die im Herbst 2009 im Alfried Krupp Wissenschaftskolleg Greifswald stattfand. Ziel der Tagung war es, die Begriffe Regel, Norm und Gesetz und verwandte Konzepte zu klaren und eine Ubersicht uber die unterschiedlichen Rollen und Funktionen dieser Begriffe in den verschiedenen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen zu gewinnen. Die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven der beteiligten Disziplinen auf das Thema -Regeln- - Philosophie, Psychologie, Soziologie, Wissenschaftstheorie, Entscheidungsforschung, Rechts-, Sozial-, Sprach- und Musikwissenschaft (...) - konnen dazu beitragen, traditionell festgefahrene Einseitigkeiten innerhalb der Disziplinen durch wechselseitige Korrektur und Inspiration zu uberwinden. Wie sich zeigt, ist Interdisziplinaritat dem Thema angemessen: Keine Disziplin vermag im Alleingang, der Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Regelarten und Regelfunktionen Herr zu werden.". (shrink)

1;Band 1;4 1.1;Inhalt;6 1.2;Einfuhrung in das Gesamtprojekt;8 1.3;Einfuhrung in den Band 1;26 1.4;Medienpolitik im Zeichen von Demokratisierung, Kontrolle und Teilautonomie;42 1.4.1;Tagespresse im Saargebiet 1918 1945;44 1.4.2;Demokratisierung im inneren Widerspruch;68 1.4.2.1;Franzosische und saarlandische Printmedienpolitik 1945 1955;68 1.4.3;Kirchen, Medien, Offentlichkeiten;108 1.4.3.1;Eine medienpolitische Kirchengeschichte der Saarautonomie 1945 1959;108 1.5;Rundfunk und Fernsehen;134 1.5.1;Die Saarlandmacher;136 1.5.1.1;Der Aufbau des Saarlandischen Rundfunks und die Autonomie des Landes 1946 1955;136 1.5.2;Musik als Anker politischer und medialer Attraktivitat;200 1.5.2.1;Umfang und Grenzen der franzosischen Impulse in der musikalischen Programmgestaltung des Rundfunks (...) an der Saar 1945 1957;200 1.5.3;Horspiel bei Radio Saarbrucken von 1946 bis 1955;224 1.5.4;Die Anfange des kommerziellen Rundfunks im Saarland;248 1.5.4.1;Die Geschichte der Saarlandischen Fernseh AG ;248 1.6;Zeitungslandschaft;316 1.6.1;Die Saarbrucker Zeitung in der saarlandischen Zeitungslandschaft 1945 1955;318 1.6.2;Die Saarproblematik in der Berichterstattung der Saarbrucker Zeitung 1947 1955;352 1.6.2.1;Eine qualitativ-quantitative Analyse von Inhalten und Sparten;352 1.6.3;Parteipresse und Presselandschaft in der Autonomiezeit 1945 1955;380 1.6.4;Die saarlandische Sportpresse im Spannungsfeld von Politik, Identitat und Selbstbehauptung 1945 1960;416 1.6.5;Ja oder Nein?;438 1.6.5.1;Die saarlandischen Zeitungen im Abstimmungskampf 1955;438 1.6.6;Resumee;458 1.7;Abkurzungsverzeichnis;466 1.8;Abbildungsnachweis;470 1.9;Personen- und Medienregister;472 1.10;Detailliertes Inhaltsverzeichnis;484 1.11;ubersicht uber das Gesamtwerk;490 2;Band 2;496 2.1;Inhalt;500 2.2;Einfuhrung in den Band 2;502 2.3;Grundzuge und Strukturen;512 2.3.1;Entscheidungssituationen saarlandischer Medienpolitik;514 2.3.2;Die Struktur der saarlandischen Horfunk-und Fernsehinstitutionen;544 2.3.3;Die Entwicklung der Zeitungslandschaft;572 2.3.4;Monopole, Marktverstopfer, Mitbewerber;612 2.3.4.1;Die Landschaft der Zeitschriften und Anzeigenblatter;612 2.4;Organisations- und Kommunikationsprozesse;644 2.4.1;Binnen- und AuSSenkommunikation beim Saarlandischen Rundfunk;646 2.4.2;Binnen- und AuSSenkommunikation bei der Saarbrucker Zeitung;684 2.4.3;Offentlichkeitsarbeit und offentliche Aktionen;722 2.4.3.1;Saarlandischer Rundfunk, Radio Salu und Saarbrucker Zeitung seit den 1970er Jahren;722 2.4.4;Horerforschung beim Saarlandischen Rundfunk;752 2.5;Berufsorganisation und Berufsbilder;776 2.5.1;Die Entwicklung der Berufsbilder im Horfunk;778 2.5.1.1;Der Saarlandische Rundfunk;778 2.5.2;Die Entwicklung der Berufsbilder im Fernsehjournalismus;822 2.5.2.1;Der Saarlandische Rundfunk;822 2.5.3;Die Veranderungen der Berufsbilder in der Printpresse;864 2.5.3.1;Die Saarbrucker Zeitung;864 2.5.4;Soziale Kommunikation und politische Organisation im saarlandischen Journalismus 1947 2008;892 2.5.5;Resumee;938 2.6;Abkurzungsverzeichnis;946 2.7;Abbildungsnachweis;950 2.8;Personen- und Medienregister;952 2.9;Detailliertes Inhaltsverzeichnis;962 2.10;ubersicht uber das Gesamtwerk;968 3;Band 3;974 3.1;Inhalt;978 3.2;Einfuhrung in den Band 3;980 3.3;Programme und Angebote im Rundfunk;990 3.3.1;Mehr Programm, weniger Inhalt?;992 3.3.1.1;Zur Programmgeschichte der Horfunksparte des Saarlandischen Rundfunks;992 3.3.2;Ein Land ein Sender;1098 3.3.2.1;50 Jahre Programmgeschichte des saarlandischen Fernsehens;1098 3.3.3;Der Aktuelle Bericht im Fernsehen des Saarlandischen Rundfunks 1994 2006;1136 3.4;Inhalte und Angebote in der Printpresse;1158 3.4.1;Die Berichterstattung der Saarbrucker Zeitung im Wandel;1160 3.4.2;Visualisierungsstrategien in der Printpresse;1200 3.4.2.1;Eine quantitative Analyse des Bildmaterials der Saarbrucker Zeitung;1200 3.4.3;Die Wah. (shrink)

Der Beitrag der Mathematik zur Naturwissenschaft besteht darin, Erkenntnisse a priori von den (empirischen) Gegenständen der letzteren zu gewinnen und — unter der Voraussetzung, daß es überhaupt Empirisches g i b t -, die Existenz solcher Gegenstände a priori zu sichern. Die Aufgabe der Metaphysik ist es, besondere Begriffe ( in bezug auf die körperliche Natur) zu bilden und die Prinzipien für deren mathematische Konstruktion zu entwickeln. Die so "metaphysischkonstruierten" Begriffe werden dann durch Angabe empirischer Modelle physikalisch interpretiert.

A new approach to the historiography of the history of philosophy was first proposed near the end of the eighteenth century. It is useful to regard it as an alternative to two others, sometimes conceived of as exhausting the possibilities: a purely philosophical approach, and a purely historical one, both of which I consider in section I. The bulk of the paper is devoted to what I call "the modern historiography of the history of philosophy" . Its origins are closely (...) tied to the renewal of philology. Section III recounts the methodological innovations of the New Philology and their relevance for approaching texts--including philosophical ones--from the past. In section IV, I consider some moves made by early proponents of "modern historiography"--in particular their implicit demand for an internal rather than an external history of philosophy, that is, an account that allows us to understand how and why philosophy has changed through time, in terms of philosophical factors: how, for example, one set of philosophical considerations led to a certain view; how reflecting on that view led philosophers to perceive various difficulties, and to perceive philosophical responses to those difficulties, and so on. The goal is to exclude, to as great an extent as possible, external factors, that is, factors which are not themselves philosophical views or arguments. In section V, I turn to Christian A. Brandis whose methodological reflections and historiographical practice mark an enormous advance over his predecessors and even over some of his successors, like W. Jaeger. I conclude by arguing that some "philosophical" objections brought against the way of proceeding advocated by Brandis fail. In the course of describing this new approach and its origins, I hope also to make clear why it is more attractive than the two other possibilities briefly considered in section I. (shrink)

This study examines the effects of donation incentives on labor supply in an online labor market through a field experiment (_n_ = 944). We manipulate the donation purpose of the incentive to be either unifying or polarizing and the size of the donation relative to the workers’ wage. Our experimental design allows us to observe the decision to accept a job (extensive margin) and different dimensions of productivity (intensive margin). We predict and show that a unifying donation purpose attracts more (...) gig workers and improves their productivity compared to a polarizing donation purpose. We discuss the implications of these results in order to understand the role of donation incentives and labor supply in online labor markets. (shrink)

This article analyzes the construction of female subjectivity in the specific context of audiovisual cyberspaces in Spain dedicated to the struggle against violence against women. Looking at the YouTube channels of two virtual feminist communities that deal with violence against women, the authors analyze how the victim-subject is configured in terms of agency and activism. The authors adopt a multimodal model of studying the sign complexes of the videos as semiotic artifacts that produce meaning. Sign complexes are always engaged because (...) representation is never neutral because what is represented in sign is meant to realize the values and positions of those who make the sign. In this article, the authors understand feminist activism in the fight against violence targeting women as constructing in its discourse not only the activist process, but also the subject of this activism: the victim-subject of gender-based violence. The analysis engages in the discussion about the various ways in which this subject is interpellated by the audiovisual texts in terms of agency. As a result, this study proposes the necessity to devise new ways of articulating this subject as a political and agential one. (shrink)

Books reviewed in this article:Daniele Archibugi, David Held, and Martin K??hler, Re‐imagining Political Community: Studies in Cosmopolitan Democracy.Max Pensky, The Postnational Constellation: Political Essays. By J??rgen Habermas.Beate Kohler‐Koch, Regieren in entgrenzten R??umen. Politische Vierteljahresschrift, special issue 29.Wolfgang Streeck, Internationale Wirtschaft, nationale Demokratie. Herausforderungen f??r die Demokratietheorie. Michael Z??rn, Regieren jenseits des Nationalstaates.

This article describes the place occupied by Edith Stein's philosophy in the early phenomenological movement, in relation to the most important philosophers of this philosophy: Edmund Husserl, Max Scheler, and Martin Heidegger.

After a remark on the logic of meaning variance, part I explicates the chapter’s heading concepts. As a human faculty, reason is distinguished from rationality, being a quality of human products. The systematical role of reason is historically described from classical antiquity until modern times. Globality of reason in the sense of its being universal is emphasized. Subjectively in distinction from objectively rational human actions are explained. Part II shows, how functions and tasks of reason as well as the moments (...) of rationality underlie the global turn. Especially the concepts of practical reason, e.g., justice, change under empirically altering conditions. The goal of reason’s activity is to design globally valid theories. As a consequence hereof, part III claims to qualify received concepts and theses of reason by their local conditions. (shrink)

Der epistemologische Begriff des Wahren ist mit den moralphilosophischen Begriffen des Guten und des Gesollten unter Gesichtspunkten der Logik vergleichbar. Jeder der Begriffe ist definierbar als eine zweistellige Beziehung zwischen Eigenschaften auf der einen und möglichen Welten auf der anderen Seite. Aus den Definitionen resultieren voneinander abhängige Bedingungen der Existenz des für die Welt Wahren, Guten bzw. Gesollten. Insbesondere gibt es nur dann ein synthetisches Urteil a priori, wenn auch ein strikt allgemeingültiger synthetischer Gebotssatz existiert: Der metaethische Deskriptivismus ist eine (...) Konsequenz der Erkenntnistheorie Kants; die Klasse der Kantischen Welten ist fremd zur Klasse der Hareschen Welten. (shrink)

The present paper describes a joint action paradigm in which individuals or pairs utilized two computer keys to keep a dot stimulus moving inside a larger rectangle. Members of a pair could neither see nor hear each other. This paradigm allowed us to combine the discrete-trial type dependent variables commonly utilized by representational theorists, with the continuous, temporal dependence variables utilized by dynamical theorists. Analysis revealed that individuals kept the dot in the rectangle longer than dyads and did so by (...) moving it back and forth within the rectangle. Dyads, however, pressed their individual buttons as quickly as possible in order to keep the dot near the middle of the rectangle. These findings indicate that joint action constitutes a multi-scale phenomena that is best investigated via multiple, complementary methodologies versus single-measure, competing theories. (shrink)