Results for 'Peter Laufmann'

962 found
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  1.  6
    SCHWERPUNKT Die Wahrung von Tier und Natur: eine notwendige Nützlichkeit.Peter Laufmann - 2022 - Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Philosophie 47 (3):311-322.
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  2. (1 other version)An Essay on Free Will.Peter van Inwagen - 1983 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Discusses the incompatibility of the concepts of free will and determinism and argues that moral responsibility needs the doctrine of free will.
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  3. Critical Thinking: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purposes of Educational Assessment and Instruction (The Delphi Report).Peter Facione - 1990 - Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC).
    This is the full version of the Delphi Report on critical thinking and critical thinking instruction at the post-secondary level.
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  4. Problems with Norms of Assertion.Peter Pagin - 2016 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 93 (1):178-207.
    In this paper I draw attention to a number of problems that afflict norm accounts of assertion, i.e. accounts that explain what assertion is, and typically how speakers understand what assertion is, by appeal to a norm of assertion. I argue that the disagreements in the literature over norm selection undermines such an account of understanding. I also argue that the treatment of intuitions as evidence in the literature undermines much of the connection to empirical evidence. I further argue that (...)
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  5. (1 other version)The Non-Darwinian Revolution: Reinterpreting a Historical Myth.Peter J. Bowler - 1990 - Journal of the History of Biology 23 (3):529-531.
     
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  6. Implications of Action-Oriented Paradigm Shifts in Cognitive Science.Peter F. Dominey, Tony J. Prescott, Jeannette Bohg, Andreas K. Engel, Shaun Gallagher, Tobias Heed, Matej Hoffmann, Gunther Knoblich, Wolfgang Prinz & Andrew Schwartz - 2016 - In Andreas K. Engel, Karl J. Friston & Danica Kragic (eds.), The Pragmatic Turn: Toward Action-Oriented Views in Cognitive Science. MIT Press. pp. 333-356.
    An action-oriented perspective changes the role of an individual from a passive observer to an actively engaged agent interacting in a closed loop with the world as well as with others. Cognition exists to serve action within a landscape that contains both. This chapter surveys this landscape and addresses the status of the pragmatic turn. Its potential influence on science and the study of cognition are considered (including perception, social cognition, social interaction, sensorimotor entrainment, and language acquisition) and its impact (...)
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  7.  85
    Informational dynamics of epistemic possibility modals.Peter Hawke & Shane Steinert-Threlkeld - 2018 - Synthese 195 (10):4309-4342.
    We investigate, in a logical setting, the expressivist proposal that assertion primarily functions to express and coordinate doxastic states and that ‘might’ fundamentally expresses lack of belief. We provide a formal model of an agent’s doxastic state and novel assertability conditions for an associated formal language. We thereby prove that an arbitrary assertion always succeeds in expressing a well-defined doxastic state, and propose a fully general and intuitive update operation as a model of an agent coming to accept an arbitrary (...)
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  8. The rights and duties of childrearing.Peter Vallentyne - 2003 - William and Mary Bill of Rights Journal 11:991-1010.
    What rights and duties do adults have with respect to raising children? Who, for example, has the right to decide how and where a particular child will live, be educated, receive health care, and spend recreational time? I argue that neither biological (gene-provider) nor..
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  9. The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents.Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich (eds.) - 2005 - New York, US: Oxford University Press on Demand.
    This is the first of three volumes on the subject of innateness. The extent to which the mind is innate is one of the central questions in the human sciences, with important implications for many surrounding debates. This book along with the following two volumes provide assess of nativist thought and a definitive reference point for future nativist inquiry. This book is concerned with the fundamental architecture of the mind, addressing such question as: what capacities, processes, representations, biases, and connections (...)
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  10. Justified Belief from Unjustified Belief.Peter Murphy - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 98 (4):602-617.
    Under what conditions is a belief inferentially justified? A partial answer is found in Justification from Justification : a belief is inferentially justified only if all of the beliefs from which it is essentially inferred are justified. After reviewing some important features of JFJ, I offer a counterexample to it. Then I outline a positive suggestion for how to think about inferentially justified beliefs while still retaining a basing condition. I end by concluding that epistemologists need a model of inferentially (...)
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  11.  70
    Trying to adjunct without knowing how: adjunction and the adoption problem.Peter Susanszky - 2023 - Analysis 83 (2):277–284.
    The adoption question asks whether there are logical rules that cannot be adopted if one does not already infer in accordance with them. Several philosophers, most famously Saul Kripke and Romina Padró, agree that there are such rules. Accordingly, they agree that there is an adoption problem. However, there is disagreement over which rules are unadoptable. In particular, while most agree that if there is an adoption problem, modus ponens and universal instantiation are in its scope, many would exclude adjunction (...)
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  12. Testimonial Knowledge: A Unified Account.Peter J. Graham - 2016 - Philosophical Issues 26 (1):172-186.
    Here are three (rough) theories of testimonial knowledge. (1) Speaker's knowledge: a hearer acquires the knowledge that P though testimony because of the speaker's knowledge that P--testimony "transfers" knowledge. This is the popular view, defended by Elizabeth Fricker and Paul Faulkner, among others. (2) Speaker's assertion: a hearer acquires the knowledge that P through testimony because the speaker's assertion that P is reliable that P in the right way (safe or sensitive). That's Jennifer Lackey's view. (3) Speaker's comprehension state: a (...)
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  13.  38
    What Makes a Business Ethicist? A Reflection on the Transition from Applied Philosophy to Critical Thinking.Peter Seele - 2018 - Journal of Business Ethics 150 (3):647-656.
    This article discusses the transition that business ethics has undergone since its start essentially as a philosophical sub-discipline of applied ethics. Today, business ethics—as demonstrated by four examples of gatekeepers—is a well-established field in general management, and increasingly business scholars without a “formal” background in philosophy are entering the scene. I take this transition to examine an updated positioning of business ethics and offer a proposal to redefine what makes a business ethicist. I suggest taking critical thinking as the common (...)
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  14.  49
    Consequences of Behaviorism: Sellars and de Laguna on Explanation.Peter Olen - 2017 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 47 (2):111-131.
    I explore conceptual tensions that emerge between Wilfrid Sellars’ and Grace de Laguna’s adoption of behaviorism. Despite agreeing on various points, I argue that Sellars’ and de Laguna’s positions represent a split between normativist and descriptivist approaches to explanation that are generally incompatible, and I explore how both positions claim conceptual priority.
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  15. Early Sartre on Freedom and Ethics.Peter Poellner - 2012 - European Journal of Philosophy 23 (2):221-247.
    This paper offers a revisionary interpretation of Sartre's early views on human freedom. Sartre articulates a subtle account of a fundamental sense of human freedom as autonomy, in terms of human consciousness being both reasons-responsive and in a distinctive sense self-determining. The aspects of Sartre's theory of human freedom that underpin his early ethics are shown to be based on his phenomenological analysis of consciousness as, in its fundamental mode of self-presence, not an object in the world. Sartre has a (...)
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  16. Four strategies for dealing with the counting anomaly in spontaneous collapse theories of quantum mechanics.Peter J. Lewis - 2003 - International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 17 (2):137 – 142.
    A few years ago, I argued that according to spontaneous collapse theories of quantum mechanics, arithmetic applies to macroscopic objects only as an approximation. Several authors have written articles defending spontaneous collapse theories against this charge, including Bassi and Ghirardi, Clifton and Monton, and now Frigg. The arguments of these authors are all different and all ingenious, but in the end I think that none of them succeeds, for reasons I elaborate here. I suggest a fourth line of response, based (...)
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  17. 4. A Version of the Picture Theory.Peter M. Sullivan - 2001 - In Wilhelm Vossenkuhl (ed.), Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus logico-philosophicus. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. pp. 89-110.
    0. My aims in this paper are largely expository: I am more interested in presenting the picture theory than deciding its truth. Even so, I hope that the arguments by which I develop the theory will do something to support it, since I believe that what I will present as Wittgenstein's view is indeed the truth. This is not an admission of insanity, though some things that have been thought intrinsic to the picture theory are things it would be insane (...)
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  18. Equality, efficiency, and the priority of the worse-off.Peter Vallentyne - 2000 - Economics and Philosophy 16 (1):1-19.
    Egalitarian theories of justice hold that equality should be promoted. Typically, perfect equality will not be achievable, and it will be necessary to determine which of various unequal distributions is the most equal. All plausible conceptions of equality hold that, where perfect equality does not obtain, (1) any benefit (no matter how small) to a worst-off person that leaves him/her still a worst-off person has priority (with respect to equality promotion) over any benefit (no matter how large) to a best-off (...)
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  19. The most good you can do: a response to the commentaries.Peter Singer - 2016 - Journal of Global Ethics 12 (2):161-169.
    ABSTRACTAnthony Skelton, Violetta Igneski and Tracy Isaacs share my view that our obligations to help people in extreme poverty go beyond what is conventionally accepted. Nevertheless, the other contributors argue that my view is too demanding, while noting some tensions between my different writings on this issue. I explain my position, drawing on Sidgwick’s distinction between what someone ought to do, and what we should praise or blame someone for doing or not doing. I also respond to the position that (...)
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  20.  70
    Three clouds may cover the plane.Péter Komjáth - 2001 - Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 109 (1-2):71-75.
  21.  28
    A Brentanian basis for Lesniewskian logic.Peter Simons - 1984 - Logique Et Analyse 27 (7):297-308.
  22.  83
    Soames on the Tractatus.Peter Hanks - 2019 - Philosophical Studies 176 (5):1367-1376.
  23. Who are the least advantaged?Peter Vallentyne & Bertil Tungodden - 2007 - In Nils Holtug & Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen (eds.), Egalitarianism: new essays on the nature and value of equality. New York: Clarendon Press. pp. 174--95.
    The difference principle, introduced by Rawls (1971, 1993), is generally interpreted as leximin, but this is not how he intended it. Rawls explicitly states that the difference principle requires that aggregate benefits (e.g., average or total) to those in the least advantaged group be given lexical priority over benefits to others, where the least advantaged group includes more than the strictly worst off individuals. We study the implications of adopting different approaches to the definition of the least advantaged group and (...)
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  24.  93
    Self-Deception, Consciousness and Value: The Nietzschean Contribution.Peter Poellner - 2004 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 11 (10-11):10-11.
    Nietzsche's central criticisms of the evaluative hierarchies he claims to be inscribed in the philosophical tradition and in various everyday practices are based on the idea that the self is opaque to itself. More specifically, he proposes that these hierarchies cannot be adequately explained without reference to a particular form of self-deception he labels ressentiment. What makes this type of self-deception distinctive is that it is alleged to concern the subject's own contemporaneous conscious states. It is shown that none of (...)
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  25.  24
    Caring About the Social Determinants of Health.Peter Sheehan & Mark Sheehan - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (3):48-50.
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  26.  47
    Literary Interpretation is Not Just About Meaning.Peter Lamarque - 2024 - Croatian Journal of Philosophy 24 (70):3-17.
    The paper proposes a radical change of focus for understanding the fundamental purpose and value of literary interpretation. It criticises an orthodox view in analytical philosophy of literature, according to which theories of meaning in the philosophy of language, in particular Gricean or speech act or other pragmatic theories, offer the most illuminating way to grasp the relevant principles of interpretation. The argument here is that the application of such theories in this context is not just wrong in detail (this (...)
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  27.  36
    Context Matters: A Response to Autzen and Okasha’s Reply to Takacs and Bourrat.Peter Takacs & Pierrick Bourrat - 2024 - Biological Theory 19 (3):170-176.
    In a recent reply to Takacs and Bourrat’s article (Biol Philos 37:12, 2022), Autzen and Okasha (Biol Philos 37:37, 2022) question our characterization of the relationship between the geometric mean and arithmetic mean measures of fitness. We here take issue with the claim that our characterization falls prey to the mistakes they highlight. Briefly revisiting what Takacs and Bourrat (Biol Philos 37:12, 2022) accomplished reveals that the key issue of difference concerns cases of deterministic but nonconstant growth. Restricting focus to (...)
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  28.  44
    Aristotle's idea of the self.Peter Simpson - 2001 - Journal of Value Inquiry 35 (3):309-324.
  29.  58
    The modal logic of quantum logic.Peter Mittelstaedt - 1979 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 8 (1):479 - 504.
  30. Libertarian perspectives on paternalism.Peter Vallentyne - 2018 - In Kalle Grill & Jason Hanna (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism. New York: Routledge.
     
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  31. A Golden Age in Science and Letters: The Lwów–Warsaw Philosophical School, 1895–1939.Peter Simons - unknown
    The University of Warsaw has a splendid modern library with 60,000 m 2 of floor space. It resembles a shopping centre. The long and elegant modern building on ulica Dobra, on the low ground between the old University and the Vistula, was opened in 1998 replacing the previous hopelessly inadequate facilities. It has an imposing sequence of copper-green “great texts” on its front side in Greek, Arabic, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Latin, Polish, music, and mathematics. These are international symbols, posting Warsaw’s claim (...)
     
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  32. Justice in general: An introduction.Peter Vallentyne - 2003 - In Equality and justice. New York: Routledge.
    This is the first volume of Equality and Justice, a six-volume collection of the most important articles of the twentieth century on the topic of justice and equality. This volume addresses the following three (only loosely related) issues: (1) What is the concept of justice? (2) Is justice primarily a demand on individuals or on societies? (3) What are the relative merits of conceptions of justice based on equality, based on priority for those who have less, and based on ensuring (...)
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  33. Left-Libertarian Theories of Justice.Peter Vallentyne - 1999 - Revue Economique 50:859-878.
    Libertarian theories of justice hold that agents, at least initially, own themselves fully, and thus owe no service to others, except through voluntary action. The most familiar libertarian theories are right-libertarian in that they hold that natural resources are initially unowned and, under a broad range of realistic circumstances, can be privately appropriated without the consent of, or any significant payment to, the other members of society. Leftlibertarian theories, by contrast, hold that natural resources are owned by the members of (...)
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  34.  21
    McLuhan’s war: Cartoons and decapitations.Peter W. Nesselroth - 2016 - Semiotica 2016 (213):457-472.
    Name der Zeitschrift: Semiotica Jahrgang: 2016 Heft: 213 Seiten: 457-472.
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  35.  27
    Precis: The Most Good You Can Do†.Peter Singer - 2016 - Journal of Global Ethics 12 (2):132-136.
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  36. But Does It Hurt?Peter Murphy - 2017 - Essays in Philosophy 18 (1):131-145.
    As effective altruists often point out affluent people can do great good for others without having to make significant self-sacrifices. What is the correct moral assessment of patterns of giving that bring about great good and yet carry little in the way of self-sacrifice? Here I will clarify this question, state why it is important, and argue for an answer to it. After sketching the intuitive category of the morally best acts, I argue that self-sacrifice is not a condition that (...)
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  37.  29
    The confrontation between processors and farm workers in the midwest tomato industry and the role of the agricultural research and extension establishment.Peter M. Rosset & John H. Vandermeer - 1986 - Agriculture and Human Values 3 (3):26-32.
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  38.  25
    A Comparative Semitic Lexicon of the Phoenician and Punic Languages.Peter T. Daniels & Richard S. Tomback - 1981 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 101 (3):411.
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  39.  43
    Demanding something.Peter Schaber - 2014 - Grazer Philosophische Studien 90 (1):63-77.
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  40. Gauthier on Rationality and Morality.Peter Vallentyne - 1986 - Eidso 5 (1):79-95.
    David Gauthier's book represents the culmination of his work over the last twenty years on the theory of rational choice and on contractarian moral theory. It is the most important book on contractarianisni since Rawls‘ A Theory of Justice' and is mandatory reading for anyone specializing in contemporary moral theory. Gauthier does two distinct, although closely related, things in his book: (l) he defends a theory of rational choice, and (2) he defends a contractarian theory of morality. The two are (...)
     
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  41.  24
    Bibliography of Arabic Linguistics.Peter Abboud & M. H. Bakalla - 1979 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 99 (1):139.
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  42.  7
    Philosophy Then.Peter Adamson - 2017 - Philosophy Now 121:45-45.
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  43.  20
    Semiotic engineering.Peter Bøgh Andersen & Lars Mathiassen - 2002 - Semiotica 2002 (142).
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  44.  16
    Rational ignorance in politics, economics and law.Peter H. Aranson - 1990 - Journal des Economistes Et des Etudes Humaines 1 (1):25-42.
  45. 370 Carolyn Gratton.Peter L. Berger, Thomas Luckman, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Bruno Bettelheim, Robert J. Blakely, Gerhardt von Bonin, Neville Braybooke, C. G. Jung, William W. Buckman & Stanley Lehrer - 1969 - Humanitas 5 (3):369.
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  46. The "self" in recent psychology of personality: A philosophic critique.Peter A. Bertocci - 1963 - Philosophical Forum 21:19.
     
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  47. Franz Rosenzweig : war and atheism.Peter Bojaniç - 2009 - In Carlos João Correia (ed.), A religião e o ateísmo contemporâneo. Lisboa: Centro de Filosofia da Universidade.
     
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  48.  15
    APPENDIX 2. A Theory of “Happiness”?Peter Bornedal - 2010 - In The Surface and the Abyss: Nietzsche as Philosopher of Mind and Knowledge. Walter de Gruyter.
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  49.  10
    Einleitung.Peter Bubmann - 2016 - In Eckart Liebau & Peter Bubmann (eds.), Die Ästhetik Europas: Ideen Und Illusionen. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag. pp. 7-10.
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  50.  17
    Naturrecht und christliche Ethik.Peter Bubmann - 1993 - Zeitschrift Für Evangelische Ethik 37 (1):267-280.
    In the current discussion about the foundation ofChristian ethics some german Catholic theologians try to renew the naturallaw ethical system by interpreting it as a complex system of human moral rationality. Refering to the thomasian doctrin of the »inclinationes naturales« and integrating the results of the modern human sciences W. Korff wants to analyse the conditions of ethical reasoning. His argumentation is confronted with K. Barths emphatic rejection of any natural law ethics. But Barth bimself does not explainexactly, how living (...)
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