Results for 'Steven R. Cohen'

953 found
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  1.  45
    From industrial democracy to professional adjustment.Steven R. Cohen - 1983 - Theory and Society 12 (1):47-67.
  2.  57
    Religion of Reason Out of the Sources of Judaism.Hermann Cohen - 1972 - New York,: Oxford University Press USA.
    Hermann Cohen's Religion of Reason, Out of the Sources of Judaism is widely taken to be the greatest work in Jewish philosophy and religious thought since Maimonides' Guide to the Perplexed. It is at once a Jewish book and a philosophical one: Jewish because it takes its material from the literary tradition that extends from the bible to the rabbis to the great medieval philosophers; philosophical because it studies that material in order to construct a worldview that is rational (...)
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  3.  75
    Angelic Devil’s Advocates and the Forms of Adversariality.Katharina Stevens & Daniel H. Cohen - 2020 - Topoi 40 (5):899-912.
    Is argumentation essentially adversarial? The concept of a devil's advocate—a cooperative arguer who assumes the role of an opponent for the sake of the argument—serves as a lens to bring into clearer focus the ways that adversarial arguers can be virtuous and adversariality itself can contribute to argumentation's goals. It also shows the different ways arguments can be adversarial and the different ways that argumentation can be said to be "essentially" adversarial.
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  4. Moralization and Mismoralization in Public Health.Steven R. Kraaijeveld & Euzebiusz Jamrozik - 2022 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 25 (4):655-669.
    Moralization is a social-psychological process through which morally neutral issues take on moral significance. Often linked to health and disease, moralization may sometimes lead to good outcomes; yet moralization is often detrimental to individuals and to society as a whole. It is therefore important to be able to identify when moralization is inappropriate. In this paper, we offer a systematic normative approach to the evaluation of moralization. We introduce and develop the concept of ‘mismoralization’, which is when moralization is metaethically (...)
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  5.  59
    The attraction of the ideal has no traction on the real: on adversariality and roles in argument.Katharina Stevens & Daniel Cohen - 2018 - Argumentation and Advocacy:forthcoming.
    If circumstances were always simple and all arguers were always exclusively concerned with cognitive improvement, arguments would probably always be cooperative. However, we have other goals and there are other arguers, so in practice the default seems to be adversarial argumentation. We naturally inhabit the heuristically helpful but cooperation-inhibiting roles of proponents and opponents. We can, however, opt for more cooperative roles. The resources of virtue argumentation theory are used to explain when proactive cooperation is permissible, advisable, and even mandatory (...)
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  6. AI-generated art and fiction: signifying everything, meaning nothing?Steven R. Kraaijeveld - forthcoming - AI and Society:1-3.
  7.  49
    The Alzheimer's disease sufferer as a semiotic subject.Steven R. Sabat & Rom Harré - 1994 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 1 (3):145-160.
  8.  21
    Age-based restrictions on reproductive care: discerning the arbitrary from the necessary.Steven R. Piek, Guido Pennings & Veerle Provoost - 2024 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 45 (1):41-56.
    Policies that determine whether someone is allowed access to reproductive healthcare or not vary widely among countries, especially in their age requirements. This raises the suspicion of arbitrariness, especially because often no underlying justification is provided. In this article, we pose the question—under which circumstances is it morally acceptable to use age for policy and legislation in the first place? We start from the notion that everyone has a _conditional positive_ right to fertility treatment. Subsequently, we set off to formulate (...)
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  9. From Cognitive Science to Cognitive Neuroscience to Neuroeconomics.Steven R. Quartz - 2008 - Economics and Philosophy 24 (3):459-471.
    As an emerging discipline, neuroeconomics faces considerable methodological and practical challenges. In this paper, I suggest that these challenges can be understood by exploring the similarities and dissimilarities between the emergence of neuroeconomics and the emergence of cognitive and computational neuroscience two decades ago. From these parallels, I suggest the major challenge facing theory formation in the neural and behavioural sciences is that of being under-constrained by data, making a detailed understanding of physical implementation necessary for theory construction in neuroeconomics. (...)
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  10. Mind, meaning and personhood in dementia: the effects of positioning.Steven R. Sabat - 2005 - In Julian C. Hughes, Stephen J. Louw & Steven R. Sabat (eds.), Dementia: Mind, Meaning, and the Person. Oxford University Press.
     
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  11. Metamorality without Moral Truth.Steven R. Kraaijeveld & Hanno Sauer - 2018 - Neuroethics 12 (2):119-131.
    Recently, Joshua Greene has argued that we need a metamorality to solve moral problems for which evolution has not prepared us. The metamorality that he proposes is a utilitarian account that he calls deep pragmatism. Deep pragmatism is supposed to arbitrate when the values espoused by different groups clash. To date, no systematic appraisal of this argument for a metamorality exists. We reconstruct Greene’s case for deep pragmatism as a metamorality and consider three lines of objection to it. We argue (...)
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  12.  14
    Against age limits for men in reproductive care.Steven R. Piek, Andrea Martani & Guido Pennings - 2024 - Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy 27 (3):299-307.
    Almost all countries and fertility clinics impose age limits on women who want to become pregnant through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Age limits for aspiring fathers, however, are much less common and remain a topic of debate. This article departs from the principle of reproductive autonomy and a conditional positive right to receive ART, and asks whether there are convincing arguments to also impose age limits on aspiring fathers. After considering three consequentialist approaches to justifying age limits for aspiring fathers, (...)
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  13.  31
    Dementia Beyond Pathology: What People Diagnosed Can Teach Us About Our Shared Humanity.Steven R. Sabat - 2019 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 16 (2):163-172.
    In this article, I explore how methods of investigation can allow us either to appreciate the intact cognitive and social abilities of people with Alzheimer’s disease or unwittingly obscure those same abilities. Specifically, I shall assert that (1) the biomedical- quantitative approach, while being generally appropriate for drug efficacy studies, does not allow us to appreciate the many significant strengths possessed by people diagnosed with dementia, (2) qualitative/narrative approaches do so admirably, and (3) understanding the cognitive and social strengths of (...)
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  14. Debunking (the) Retribution (Gap).Steven R. Kraaijeveld - 2020 - Science and Engineering Ethics 26 (3):1315-1328.
    Robotization is an increasingly pervasive feature of our lives. Robots with high degrees of autonomy may cause harm, yet in sufciently complex systems neither the robots nor the human developers may be candidates for moral blame. John Danaher has recently argued that this may lead to a retribution gap, where the human desire for retribution faces a lack of appropriate subjects for retributive blame. The potential social and moral implications of a retribution gap are considerable. I argue that the retributive (...)
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  15. COVID-19: Against a Lockdown Approach.Steven R. Kraaijeveld - 2020 - Asian Bioethics Review 13 (2):195-212.
    Governments around the world have faced the challenge of how to respond to the recent outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease. Some have reacted by greatly restricting the freedom of citizens, while others have opted for less drastic policies. In this paper, I draw a parallel with vaccination ethics to conceptualize two distinct approaches to COVID-19 that I call altruistic and lockdown. Given that the individual measures necessary to limit the spread of the virus can in principle be achieved voluntarily (...)
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  16.  47
    Elections: Still Demanding a Change: Elections in Japan in 2002.Steven R. Reed - 2002 - Japanese Journal of Political Science 3 (2):281-283.
    One year ago I entitled my review of Japanese elections . Candidates running against the establishment were defeating candidates who had until recently appeared unbeatable. Most notably, outsider candidates were defeating ainori (supported by all major parties) candidates in gubernatorial elections. A prime example of an outsider candidate defeating the establishment was Prime Minister Koizumi, who defeated the LDP establishment to win the leadership of the LDP. Koizumi's election and subsequent popularity appears to have dampened the trend. Most notably, a (...)
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  17. What computers can't do: A critique of artificial reason.Steven R. Williams - 1991 - Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 11 (1):56-60.
     
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  18. Against COVID‐19 vaccination of healthy children.Steven R. Kraaijeveld, Rachel Gur-Arie & Euzebiusz Jamrozik - 2022 - Bioethics 36 (6):687-698.
  19. Experimental Philosophy of Technology.Steven R. Kraaijeveld - 2021 - Philosophy and Technology 34:993-1012.
    Experimental philosophy is a relatively recent discipline that employs experimental methods to investigate the intuitions, concepts, and assumptions behind traditional philosophical arguments, problems, and theories. While experimental philosophy initially served to interrogate the role that intuitions play in philosophy, it has since branched out to bring empirical methods to bear on problems within a variety of traditional areas of philosophy—including metaphysics, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and epistemology. To date, no connection has been made between developments in experimental philosophy (...)
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  20.  46
    Complicity and Compromise in the Law of Nations.Steven R. Ratner - 2016 - Criminal Law and Philosophy 10 (3):559-573.
    This paper considers the implications of Chiara Lepora and Robert Goodin's On Complicity and Compromise (OUP, 2013) for our understanding of international law. That volume systematizes and evaluates individuals’ ethical choices in getting (too) close to evil acts. For the law of nations, these concepts are relevant in three critical ways. First, they capture the dilemmas of those charged with implementing international law, e.g., Red Cross delegates pledged to confidentiality learning of torture in a prison. Second, they offer a rubric (...)
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  21. Vaccinating for Whom? Distinguishing between Self-Protective, Paternalistic, Altruistic and Indirect Vaccination.Steven R. Kraaijeveld - 2020 - Public Health Ethics 13 (2):190-200.
    Preventive vaccination can protect not just vaccinated individuals, but also others, which is often a central point in discussions about vaccination. To date, there has been no systematic study of self- and other-directed motives behind vaccination. This article has two major goals: first, to examine and distinguish between self- and other-directed motives behind vaccination, especially with regard to vaccinating for the sake of third parties, and second, to explore some ways in which this approach can help to clarify and guide (...)
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  22.  19
    Covert Video Surveillance in Pediatric Care: The Fiduciary Relationship with a Child.Steven R. Leuthner - 2004 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 15 (2):173-175.
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  23.  55
    Reasons, instantiators, and causes.Steven R. Levy - 1978 - Southern Journal of Philosophy 16 (3):227-234.
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  24.  32
    Law, Ideology, and Critical Legal Studies.Steven R. Mansfield - 1991 - Social Philosophy Today 5:165-204.
  25.  77
    Introduction to Gramsci's "Notes on Language".Steven R. Mansfield - 1984 - Telos: Critical Theory of the Contemporary 1984 (59):119-126.
    One reason that Gramsci's writings are becoming ever more studied in the English-speaking world is their non-reductive approach. Today, the fact that a general theory of language informs Gramsci's Prison Notebooks is increasingly being recognized. While some parts of the writings on language have been translated into English, so far only the Italian editions have allowed an evaluation of the significance and role of linguistic issues in Gramsci. The following will seek to reconstruct the connections between die theory of language (...)
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  26.  31
    On the appearance of contingency: A rejoinder to Blum.Steven R. Bayne - 1989 - Philosophia 19 (4):457-460.
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  27.  46
    Do You Know Everything That You Know?Steven R. Levy - 1979 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 9 (2):315 - 322.
    In the ongoing attempt to provide a satisfactory analysis of knowledge numerous conditions have been proposed as necessary and sufficient — the most noteworthy being justification, truth, and belief. In addition, various epistemic principles are frequently employed. In this paper I intend to show how the seemingly innocuous justification condition, along with two relatively uncontroversial epistemic principles, can give rise to a paradoxical situation.
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  28. The Ethical Significance of Post-Vaccination COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics.Steven R. Kraaijeveld - 2022 - Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 20 (1):21-29.
    The potential for vaccines to prevent the spread of infectious diseases is crucial for vaccination policy and ethics. In this paper, I discuss recent evidence that the current COVID-19 vaccines have only a modest and short-lived effect on reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and argue that this has at least four important ethical implications. First, getting vaccinated against COVID-19 should be seen primarily as a self-protective choice for individuals. Second, moral condemnation of unvaccinated people for causing direct harm to others is unjustified. (...)
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  29. Reason, emotion and decision-making: risk and reward computation with feeling.Steven R. Quartz - 2009 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13 (5):209-215.
  30. Altruistic Vaccination: Insights from Two Focus Group Studies.Steven R. Kraaijeveld & Bob C. Mulder - 2022 - Health Care Analysis 30 (3):275-295.
    Vaccination can protect vaccinated individuals and often also prevent them from spreading disease to other people. This opens up the possibility of getting vaccinated for the sake of others. In fact, altruistic vaccination has recently been conceptualized as a kind of vaccination that is undertaken primary for the benefit of others. In order to better understand the potential role of altruistic motives in people’s vaccination decisions, we conducted two focus group studies with a total of 37 participants. Study 1 included (...)
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  31. The Other Six Days: Vocation, Work, and Ministry in Biblical Perspective.R. Paul Stevens - 1999
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  32.  11
    Moral reasoning for journalists.Steven R. Knowlton - 2009 - Westport, Conn.: Praeger. Edited by Bill Reader.
    This volume is an introduction to the underpinnings of journalism ethics, and a guide for journalists and journalism teachers looking for ways to form consistent and informed ethical decisions.
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  33.  32
    C.S. Lewis: a philosophy of education.Steven R. Loomis - 2009 - New York: Palgrave-Macmillan. Edited by Jacob P. Rodriguez.
    In this book about the philosophy of education, Loomis and Rodriguez carefully examine the first principles of theoretic and practical reason necessary for human development and flourishing. Collaborating with the genius of C.S. Lewis, and particularly his brilliant work The Abolition of Man , the authors offer a multi-facetted, interdisciplinary investigation of perennial questions that impact human development and freedom. What is the human being? What are essential criteria for human flourishing? What is the best institutional framework for education? What (...)
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  34.  14
    Hebrews 2:10–18.Steven R. Harmon - 2005 - Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 59 (4):404-406.
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  35.  38
    Editorial: Refining Prevention: Genetic and Epigenetic Contributions.Steven R. H. Beach & Jessica M. Sales - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  36.  34
    Overcoming Temptations to Violate Human Dignity in Times of Crisis: On the Possibilities for Meaningful Self-Restraint.Steven R. Ratner - 2004 - Theoretical Inquiries in Law 5 (1):81-109.
    The codification of international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and the accession to those treaties by a large majority of states, does not at first glance seem to have any significant effect upon states' behavior in situations of crisis. Any understanding of the prospects for such law in these situations requires an appraisal of both the motivations of states in concluding these treaties and the pressures on them to ignore them. This paper analyzes those motivations and temptations through (...)
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  37.  63
    Electronic health records: which practices have them, and how are clinicians using them?Steven R. Simon, Madeline L. McCarthy, Rainu Kaushal, Chelsea A. Jenter, Lynn A. Volk, Eric G. Poon, Kevin C. Yee, E. John Orav, Deborah H. Williams & David W. Bates - 2008 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 14 (1):43-47.
  38.  68
    Neural networks, nativism, and the plausibility of constructivism.Steven R. Quartz - 1993 - Cognition 48 (3):223-242.
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  39. Misleading defeaters.Steven R. Levy - 1978 - Journal of Philosophy 75 (12):739-742.
  40.  36
    A Legal and Economic Analysis of Insider Trading.Steven R. Salbu - 1989 - Business and Professional Ethics Journal 8 (2):3-21.
  41.  63
    Sustainable and responsible design from a Christian worldview.Steven R. Eisenbarth & Kenneth W. Van Treuren - 2004 - Science and Engineering Ethics 10 (2):423-429.
    Many aspects of design require engineers to make choices based on non-quantifiable personal perspectives. These decisions touch issues in aesthetics, ethics, social impact, and responsibility and sustainability. Part of Baylor University’s mission is to provide a learning community in which Christian life values and worldviews might be integrated into academic disciplines. In view of this institutional commitment, members of the Engineering faculty are investigating how Christian worldviews might interact with elements of engineering design in such a way as to produce (...)
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  42.  48
    Abortion and dissenting parents: A dialogue.Steven R. Levy - 1980 - Ethics 90 (2):162-163.
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  43.  34
    Knowledge, belief-transfers, and reasoning.Steven R. Levy - 1983 - Philosophia 13 (1-2):53-65.
  44.  48
    Evaluating Political Reform in Japan: A Midterm Report.Steven R. Reed - 2002 - Japanese Journal of Political Science 3 (2):243-263.
    In the 1993 general election the Liberal Democratic Party lost power for the first time since it was founded in 1955. The coalition government that followed enacted the most far-reaching political reforms Japan has experienced since the American Occupation. The country has now experienced two elections since these reforms so we can begin to analyze trends and dynamics. It is now possible to make a preliminary evaluation of the effects of these reforms. I evaluate the reforms under three headings: (1) (...)
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  45.  75
    The social construction of talent: A defence of justice as reciprocity.Steven R. Smith - 2001 - Journal of Political Philosophy 9 (1):19–37.
    Debates concerning principles of justice need to be attentive to various types of social process. One concerns the distribution of resources between groups defined as talented and untalented. Another concerns the social mechanisms by which people come to be categorised as talented and untalented. Political philosophers have paid considerable attention to the former issues, much less to the latter. That, I shall argue, represents a significant oversight.
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  46.  51
    Survey Article: Global Investment Rules as a Site for Moral Inquiry.Steven R. Ratner - 2019 - Journal of Political Philosophy 27 (1):107-135.
    The legal regime regulating cross-border investment gives key rights to foreign investors and places significant duties on states hosting that investment. It also raises distinctive moral questions due to its potential to constrain a state’s ability to manage its economy and protect its people. Yet international investment law remains virtually untouched as a subject of philosophical inquiry. The questions of international political morality surrounding investment rules can be mapped through the lens of two critiques of the law – that it (...)
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  47. The case of Elfriede Scholz, nee remark.Steven R. Welch - 2011 - Agora (History Teachers' Association of Victoria) 46 (3):4.
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  48.  66
    Insider Trading and the Social Contract.Steven R. Salbu - 1995 - Business Ethics Quarterly 5 (2):313-328.
    Abstract:The law of insider trading has progressed from an expansive approach, according to which all trading on nonpublic information was considered illegal, to a constricted approach, under which corporate outsiders are permitted to trade on nonpublic information provided such trading does not breach a fiduciary duty. This article analyzes both the former, expansive theory and the currently utilized constricted theory, within a framework of basic tenets of the American capitalist social contract regarding legitimacy of property claims. The existing constricted approach (...)
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  49. A Scalar Approach to Vaccination Ethics.Steven R. Kraaijeveld, Rachel Gur-Arie & Jamrozik Euzebiusz - 2023 - The Journal of Ethics 28 (1):145-169.
    Should people get vaccinated for the sake of others? What could ground—and limit—the normative claim that people ought to do so? In this paper, we propose a reasons-based consequentialist account of vaccination for the benefit of others. We outline eight harm-based and probabilistic factors that, we argue, give people moral reasons to get vaccinated. Instead of understanding other-directed vaccination in terms of binary moral duties (i.e., where people either have or do not have a moral duty to get vaccinated), we (...)
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  50.  21
    Higher levels of protective parenting are associated with better young adult health: exploration of mediation through epigenetic influences on pro-inflammatory processes.Steven R. H. Beach, Man Kit Lei, Gene H. Brody, Meeshanthini V. Dogan & Robert A. Philibert - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:138269.
    The current investigation was designed to examine the association of parenting during late childhood and early adolescence, a time of rapid physical development, with biological propensity for inflammation. Based on life course theory, it was hypothesized that parenting during this period of rapid growth and development would be associated with biological outcomes and self-reported health assessed in young adulthood. It was expected that association of parenting with health would be mediated either by effects on methylation of a key inflammatory factor, (...)
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