Cette tentative de rapprochement entre l'auteur de la célèbre formule "Dieu est mort" et le soufisme, la gnose et l'hermétisme, trois courants mineurs issus des grandes religions monothéistes, préoccupés par la notion de connaissance, ...

Cet article présente Nietzsche comme un héritier du courant Illuministe, qui perpétue la Tradition spirituelle, confluent des différentes traditions ésotériques et qui s'est développé dans l'ombre des Lumières triomphantes. Sous une carapace d'athéisme, on trouve dans l'œuvre du philosophe allemand des éléments hermétiques ou gnostiques qui permettent d'appréhender différemment son Dionysos ou sa volonté de puissance. Par ces aspects et au travers de l'ascétisme transvalué qu'il propose, Nietzsche est proche des conceptions du soufisme, la mystique qui a été développée à (...) partir des sources scripturaires de l'Islam. C'est ce que montre ensuite cet article en proposant une comparaison entre le surhomme nietzschéen et la figure de l'homme partait, « el insan el kamil » d'Ibn Arabi, un des plus célèbres théoriciens du soufisme. En conclusion, l'auteur se pose la question des écrits qui auraient pu mettre le philosophe allemand en contact avec la mystique musulmane. (shrink)

ABSTRACTIn this paper we explore the possibility of rethinking the concept of emotional intelligence within the context of education. By developing a pedagogical dialogue with Michel Henry’s phenomenology of incarnation, we try to move beyond existing models of emotional intelligence by shifting the emphasis from the intellectual significance of emotion to a more original incarnate affectivity within intelligence, understood as lived sense-making. We claim that this ontological and ontogenetic perspective on emotion puts it at the heart of education. Yet (...) only because it evokes an understanding of education which is expressly non-functionalist: a disruptive, even dreadful event that marks the threshold and tension between what Henry terms Life and World. More than simply learning us to manage our emotions or recognize the value of experiences, emotional intelligence is about the very making of World out of Life, a Life that is at once radically subjective and communal. (shrink)

This article is concerned with the possibility of conceiving a form of social critique that has its locus in the human body. Therefore I engage in a close reading of the (later) work of Butler which can be analysed as an elaboration of a Foucaldian critical ‘virtue’. In order to elaborate and to refine my ideas I go deeper into the criticisms McNay has uttered regarding the very impossibility of taking any distance from a given social or political order within (...) a Foucaldian–Butlerian framework. I show that there is no need to have recourse to a phenomenological perspective, as McNay claims, in order to achieve ‘critical distance’. On the contrary, I argue that it is imperative to explore a register of bodily experience that entails self-expropriation and which is linked to an attitude or ‘ethos’ that renounces any judgemental perspective. (shrink)

BackgroundExtremely violent events such as terrorist attacks and mass shootings form a severe risk for the health and wellbeing of affected individuals. In this study based on a public health monitor, we focus on the health impact of the Utrecht tram shooting, which took place in the morning of March 18th 2019. A lone gunman opened fire on passengers within a moving tram. Four people died, and six people were injured in this attack. The attack resulted in nationwide commotion and (...) drew much media attention. Aim of this study was to increase insight into the health effects for the survivors, and whether they received the needed care and support.MethodsSemi-structured interviews with accompanying questionnaires were conducted at six and 18 months post-attack. Overall, 21 survivors participated in the first series of interviews, 15 in the second series. Qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, quantitative data was only described because of the low sample size.ResultsAt both six and 18 months after the attack many survivors had been able to resume daily life, and most rated their overall health as good or excellent. At the same time, a substantial portion suffered from health problems such as posttraumatic stress symptoms and other complaints, and needed professional care. Furthermore, those in need did not always find their own way to appropriate care through the existing health system: half of the survivors still needed support in finding the right care 18 months later.ConclusionAlthough the design and implementation of this public health monitor were accompanied by multiple challenges, it was possible to track a portion of the survivors and gain insight in the considerable health burden of the attack. Also, it is clear in this study that the health impact of terrorism affects survivors in the long run and requires attention from health authorities and professionals, as survivors were not able to find the right care by themselves. (shrink)

“ S pace, K no w l edge and P o w e r ” , en tr ev i s t a r ea l i z a d a en 1982 y pub li cada en P aul R ab i no w , The Foucau l t R eade r , N ueva Y o r k, 1984. A quí se pub li ca de acue r do a l a ve r s i ón f r (...) ancesa, t r aduc i da por P ab l o Bli t s t e i n y Tadeo L im a. (shrink)

Translator's preface -- Introduction: The question of phenomenology -- Hyletic phenomenology and material phenomenology -- The phenomenological method -- Pathos-with reflections on Husserl's Fifth cartesian meditation -- For a phenomenology of community.

Aesthetics: 50 Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Thought Experiments is a teaching-focused resource, which highlights the contributions that imaginative scenarios—paradoxes, puzzles, and thought experiments alike—have made to the development of contemporary analytic aesthetics. The book is divided into sections pertaining to art-making, ontology, aesthetic judgements, appreciation and interpretation, and ethics and value, and offers an accessible summary of ten debates falling under each section. -/- Each entry also features a detailed annotated bibliography, making it an ideal companion for courses surveying a broad (...) collection of topics and readings in aesthetics. (shrink)

This seminal, multidisciplinary book shows how mathematics can be used to study the first principles of DNA. Most importantly, it enriches the so-called "Chargaff's grammar of biology" by providing the conceptual theoretical framework necessary to generalize Chargaff's rules. Starting with a simple example of DNA mathematical modeling where human nucleotide frequencies are associated to the Fibonacci sequence and the Golden Ratio through an optimization problem, its breakthrough is showing that the reverse, complement and reverse-complement operators defined over oligonucleotides induce a (...) natural set partition of DNA words of fixed-size. These equivalence classes, when organized into a matrix form, reveal hidden patterns within the DNA sequence of every living organism. Intended for undergraduate and graduate students both in mathematics and in life sciences, it is also a valuable resource for researchers interested in studying invariant genomic properties. (shrink)

"Depuis l'embryon lové dans le ventre de sa mère, jusqu'aux métropoles qui couvrent la Terre de leurs lumières permanentes, les humains ont inventé de nombreuses façons d'habiter. Mais les animaux et, plus étonnant, les végétaux avaient déjà exploré de nombreux modes d'habitat. Michel Serres nous dévoile les secrets de ces architectures séduisantes et multiples, nous en montre le sens et les mots, et esquisse ainsi le monde de demain." Présentation de l'éditeur.

The aim of this paper is twofold: The general aim is to shed light on the structure of species discoveries new to biology by bringing together a practice-oriented philosophy of science perspective with a philosophy of language perspective. The more specific aim is to argue that and to show how the overall structure of biological species discoveries comprises aspects of both institutional and non-institutional reality. The author proceeds as follows: he shows that placing the focus on the topic of scientific (...) discoveries enables us to circumvent two long-standing problems. He analyzes three fictional cases of discoveries in order to bring about a greater sensitivity for the concept of discovery. He takes a closer look at a real example – the discovery of a deep-sea anglerfish – and identifies the main structural features of species discovery processes in biology. In order to connect these results with Searle’s account of institutional reality, he provides an overview of the conceptual apparatus needed here. In bringing Searle’s account together with the structural features of species discoveries developed before, he shows to what extent declarative speech acts play a central role in species discovery processes in biology. (shrink)

Bd. 1. Georg Lukács' Realismus. Das Frühwerk.

Les études que nous rassemblons ici font écho aux débats les plus récents sur la philosophie des mathématiques de Wittgenstein, qui est bien certainement l'aspect le plus controversé de son œuvre. Elles sont, pour l'essentiel, consacrées au statut et aux fonctions des preuves mathématiques et aux "réactions" du philosophe aux théorèmes de Gödel. C'est dire qu'elles tournent autour de l'anti-platonisme foncier de Wittgenstein en philosophie des mathématiques et de son refus catégorique de toute méta-mathématique. E. R.

Julian Dodd has characterized the default position in metaphysics as meta-ontologically realist: the answers to first-order ontological questions are thought to be entirely independent of the things we say and think about the entities at issue. Consequently, folk ontologies are liable to substantial error. But while this epistemic humility is commendable where the ontology of natural kinds is concerned, it seems misplaced with respect to social kinds since their ontology is dependent upon the human social world. Using art and art-kinds (...) as paradigmatic examples of social kinds, I argue that meta-ontological realism sets conditions that are too strict to apply to social kinds. Nevertheless, I argue that we should not be too quick to embrace the conclusion that our folk theories of social kinds cannot err substantially. By modelling the reference of social kind-terms on that of natural kind-terms, it becomes clear that in both cases, our sole epistemic privilege lies in our ability to pinpoint the subject of our inquiries. (shrink)

Technology is even more than our world, our form of life, our civilization. Technology interacts with the world to change it. Philosophers need to seriously address the fluidity of a smartphone interface, the efficiency of a Dyson vacuum cleaner, or the familiar noise of an antique vacuum cleaner. Beyond their phenomenological description, the emotional experience acquires moral significance and in some cases even supplies ethical resources for the self. If we leave this dimension of modern experience unaddressed, we may miss (...) something of value in contemporary life. Combining European humanism, Anglophone pragmatism, and Asian traditions, Michel Puech pleads for an "ethical turn" in the way we understand and address technological issues in modern day society. Puech argues that the question of "power" is what needs to be reconsidered today. In doing so, he provides a three-tier distinction of power: power to modify the outer world ; power over other humans ; power over oneself. (shrink)

Context: Varela’s neurophenomenology was conceived from the outset as a criticism and dissolution of the “hard problem” of the physical origin of consciousness. Indeed, the standard (….

The author discusses in detail the basic issues related to the practice of philosophical discussions with children. He identifies and problematizes the different methods or modalities for doing philosophy with children currently practised throughout the world. He presents a series of pedagogic and didactic issues and puts forward some proposals and directions for the future that might allow us to facilitate philosophy-oriented discussions with children.

This paper is part II of a trilogy on the transition from classical particle mechanics to relativistic continuum mechanics that one of the authors is working on. The first part, on the Trouton experiment, was published in the Stachel festschrift (Janssen 2003). This paper focuses on the Lorentz-Poincaré electron, and, in particular, on the "Poincaré pressure" or "Poincaré stresses" introduced to stabilize the electron. It covers both the original argument by Poincaré (1906) and a modern relativistic argument for adding a (...) negative pressure term to the system's energy-momentum tensor inspired by the work of Laue (1911a, b). It highlights the importance of a paper by Lorentz (1899) in this context and of the "electromagnetic mechanics" of Abraham (1903). (shrink)

Cette étude dégage la critique de James de l’ontologie et de la psychologie de la substance en suivant une double piste : après avoir spécifié le contexte dans lequel se déploie l’argumentation jamesienne, on montre les difficultés qu’affronte la pensée substantialiste et la réponse qu’apporte, parfois implicitement, James. On montre particulièrement la corrélation qui existe entre la pensée du processus et une nouvelle conception de la conscience.

La philosophie de Hobbes ne peut etre exposee sous forme doctrinale. Toute definition est un acte, tout raisonnement une operation, toute conclusion une generation. L'oeuvre elle-meme est l'effort de la raison. La presente etude se propose de saisir, dans son mouvement discursif, ce rationalisme en exercice qui court des premiers principes de la philosophie naturelle aux dernieres consequences de la philosophie civile, et qui, de facon coherente, unit une methodologie nominaliste, une metaphysique du phenomene et de l'accident, un mecanisme physique, (...) une deduction generative de la republique et une religion materialiste. (shrink)

In the course of his work on optics and electrodynamics in systems moving through the ether, the 19th-century medium for light waves and electric and magnetic fields, Lorentz discovered and exploited the invariance of the free-field Maxwell equations under what Poincaré later proposed to call Lorentz transformations. To account for the negative results of optical experiments aimed at detecting the earth’s motion through the ether, Lorentz, in effect, assumed that the laws governing matter interacting with light waves are Lorentz invariant (...) as well. Like Lorentz, Einstein first encountered the Lorentz transformations in electrodynamics. Unlike Lorentz, for whom the transformation merely provided convenient mathematical substitutions, but like Poincaré, Einstein recognized that the Lorentz-transformed quantities are the measured quantities for the moving observer. More importantly, Einstein recognized that the Lorentz invariance of all physical laws had nothing to do with electrodynamics per se, but reflected the kinematics in a new relativistic space-time, to be named after Minkowski who worked out its geometry a few years later. (shrink)

I examine critically the application of information‐theoretic ideas to biological communication during embryonic development and in the functioning central nervous system (CNS). I show that intercellular communication relies mostly on simple signals whose role is to effect a selection among predetermined cellular states. Hence, a crucial role is played by cellular memory, which stabilizes such states. Memory in cells is partly located in the nuclear DNA; no less important however is (phenotypic) memory lying in the cell's organelles and compartments. Because (...) of combinatorial effects in gene expression patterns, cell memory is an enormously powerful mechanism, which also underlies plasticity, and thus constitutes the factor unifying genetic determination, plasticity and learning. Communication in the CNS is analyzed in some detail: here, cellular memory is embodied in anatomy (i.e., cell shape) and neurochemistry. These are the major, relatively “static” factors affecting the routing of neural impulses in the adult CNS. In addition, however, faster channeling is also required: action potentials must be directed to their targets along a few of exponentially many paths, and this dynamic routing is crucial for proper operation. I suggest that collective oscillatory modes may play a role in solving this addressing problem, in the same way that the clock signal gates the operation of man‐made computers. BioEssays 25:699–708, 2003. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (shrink)

Contemporary humanitarianism is held in a permanent and tense relationship with the warlike, destructive, and exclusionary strategies of the states which dominate the planet. On the one hand, a politics of the "clenched fist" champion of both holy and just wars, exemplary sanctions, lightning raids and surgical strikes; in other words, the technical arsenal of a police force acting globally on an ad hoc basis and according to the friend /enemy relation, following the principles of partisan fidelity and the vendetta. (...) On the other hand, occupying the place of social politics at the same global scale is a spectacular humanism, manifesting itself through an ensemble of private organisations whose role is to keep the survivors alive, treating them as nameless victims, held at a distance for the sole purpose of salving the conscience of the powerful. However, the displaced and refugee populations are responding to this situation by developing diverse forms of, generally illegal, action and by so doing, are exacerbating the tensions inherent in the humanitarian field. (shrink)

Le symbolisme naît à partir du langage quand l'homme prend conscience qu'il est un être irrémédiablement clivé entre nature et culture, conscient et inconscient, masculinité et féminité, idéal du moi et moi idéal ; une sorte d'animal dénaturé à la recherche d'une unité perdue, que lui prête, provisoirement et superficiellement, le symbolique, ce lieu où il tente de "recoller les morceaux", c'est-à-dire retrouver le monde du prénatal, de l'amniotique qui était le Un et pas encore le Deux. Le symbolisme serait-il (...) la marche vers un Principe unificateur, comme le pense l'Eglise catholique, ou la prise de conscience et l'acceptation d'une vacuité lucide comme le suggère la psychanalyse...? (shrink)

Qu’est-ce qui est possible, autorisé et prescrit en matière de conduites sexuelles selon son âge, son sexe et celui de son partenaire? À quel âge est-on encore trop jeune ou déjà trop vieux pour être considéré comme un sujet sexuel? Et dans quelles mesures ces questions constituent-elles des enjeux politiques? Les textes rassemblés dans ce dossier interrogent diverses formes historiques d’articulation entre organisation des âges, structuration des rapports de genre et régulation de la sexu...

“To behave” (sich verhalten)is to find oneself engaged in a world according to a bundle of privileged relations (Verhältnisses), which engages in existence the fundamental modes of being of the self: questioning, transcendence, finitude, temporality, freedom. In this sense, “behaviour” (Verhalten) will itself be able to reveal itself as “fundamental”, by taking over the question of being, and this, on the one hand, in comparison with daily superficial and irresolute behaviour, and, on the other hand, in comparison with the determined (...) behaviour of the animal (Benehmen). These analyses make it possible to bring to light in Heidegger before the Kehre, in a striking contrast with Behaviourism, and especially Merleau-Ponty, a phenomenology of behaviour which is no longer expressed merely in terms of “reflex”, or of “structure” and goes as far as questioning the behaviour which the philosopher must take in regard to himself. (shrink)

L'esprit des Lumières du xvii-xviiie siècle, celui de la raison, de la science, de l'humanisme et du progrès - par opposition à l'obscurantisme, a conduit à l'émergence de connaissances scientifiques disruptives - même en ce qui concerne les fondements de la Société - et indiscutables pour quiconque fait appel à sa raison. Il a ainsi induit de nombreuses transformations dans tous les secteurs de la Société.Aujourd'hui, les technologies numériques, par l'observation de phénomènes invisibles - qui seraient impossibles sans elles - (...) ont déjà induit une multitude de pratiques perturbatrices. Comme cet effet et ses inévitables implications continuent de s'accélérer dans le futur, leur intégration dans la progression de la Société et de l'entreprise est maintenant absolument impérative.Ce livre a pour objet de faire ressortir l'intelligence de la progression de la Société ou de l'entreprise en permettant à l'intelligence du vivre ensemble (Sciences humaines), à l'intelligence des solutions (Sciences exactes) et à l'intelligence de l'artificiel (Sciences de l'ingénieur, y compris le numérique), de se relier entre elles par l'intelligence informationnelle des services. Une telle connexion est établie grâce à la science des services. Elle constitue la base des Lumières informationnelles. (shrink)

Enseigner l'économie des médias ou écrire dans ce domaine a été, à bien des égards, une gageure pour ceux qui relèvent des Sciences de l'information et de la communication. Il ya 25 ans, le terrain était vierge en savoirs établis comme en données régulières et accessibles. La situation évolue en liaison notamment avec les changements de fait des relations économiques à l'échelle mondiale. Dans le contexte de la phase idéologique de «la nouvelle économie» des années 1990 qui a engagé bien (...) des travaux de chercheurs de «l'économie de l'innovation» depuis, les liens paraissent inévitables. Les SIC pourraient, encore jeter davantage de ponts avec l'économie et inciter les économistes à retrouver les dimensions sociales et humaines dans les échanges à la fois matériels et immatériels caractérisant la production des «biens culturels».Teaching the media or write this field was, in many respects, a challenge for those under Information Science and Communication. 25 years ago, the land was virgin established knowledge as regular data and accessible. The situation is changing especially in connection with changes made economic relations globally. In the context of the ideological phase of the "new economy" of the 1990s who initiated much of the work of researchers from the "innovation economy" from the links seem inevitable. CIS could still build more bridges with the economy and encourage economists to find the social and human dimensions in trade both material and immaterial characterizing the production of "cultural property". (shrink)

Avec cet ouvrage, Michel Verret poursuit ses Dialogues avec la vie. Sa biographie singulière ouvre les pages de son passé à ses petits-enfants, leur laissant "la page blanche de l'à venir à écrire". Son récit traverse le XXe siècle et met au jour les sources qui l'animent : une sensibilité poétique née en Artois, les convictions militantes et politiques du jeune homme désireux de changer le monde après l'expérience de la guerre, l'amour "la seule chose que le partage grandisse" (...) (Shelley). Le Parti communiste et l'Ecole normale supérieure formeront le philosophe marxiste devenu enseignant et militant, puis sociologue du monde ouvrier. (shrink)